BIOMOLECULE

S
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
•To understand the roles and function of minerals
•To identify the mineral deficiency diseases.
•To identify and list types of vitamins

• To understand different deficiency diseases

• Recapitulation
•What are 5 major chemical elements?
•Name the different vitamins? 
MINERALS
• Minerals: contain certain elements essential for the proper functioning of
our bodies.

•Calcium
•Needed for hardening our bones and teeth.
•Occurs in foods such as milk, cheese and fish
•Deficiency results in rickets
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY : RICKETS

• Rickets is a softening of bones in

children due to deficiency or impaired
metabolism of vitamin D, magnesium,
phosphorus or calcium, potentially
leading to fractures and deformity.
Rickets is among the most frequent
childhood diseases in many developing
countries.
 IRON DEFICIENCY – CAUSES ANAEMIA

Iron
•Present in haemoglobin, the red pigment in blood used to
carry oxygen
•Occurs in a number of foods, especially liver and kidneys
•Deficiency results in anaemia

Anaemia is a decrease in the number of red blood cells in

the blood, meaning that less oxygen can be carried by the
blood to various organs and tissues,. The main symptoms
are tiredness and lethargy.
VITAMIN
• Vitamins: a collection of organic substances needed in small quantities in the body. Their
overall function is to help control the chemical reactions taking place in the body.

•Vitamin A
•Important for our eyes – helps protect their surfaces
•Found in fish liver oil, and carrots.
•Deficiency makes it difficult to see in dim light

•Vitamin C
•Needed for strong gums
•Found in citrus fruits, green vegetables and blackcurrants
•Deficiency results in scurvy
SCURVY

• Scurvy can result in swollen gums, severe pain in

joints, shortness of breath, and blurred vision.

• Vitamin D
•Necessary for bones to take up calcium salts
•Occurs in fish liver oil, and can be made in the
skin provided sunlight is present.
•Deficiency results in rickets.
WATER

• Water makes up more than two-

thirds of the weight of the human
body. It serves as a lubricant, helps
regulate body temperature, prevents
and relieves constipation. Without
enough water we can become
dehydrated.
QUESTIONING
•What are mineral ions? 
•What is role of vitamin D for our body?
•What do you mean by mineral- deficiency diseases?
•What are the causes of rickets? 
•State the role of haemoglobin in our body 
•What is vitamin?
•List different types of vitamin
•Explain the causes of scurvy 
•Which vitamin is responsible for beri- beri?
WEEKLY WORK

Assignment and activity document along with instructions is posted in the google classroom
wall. Please go through the same.

Homework
Browse the web and find out information role of enzymes in human beings. Write up should
not exceed more than 1 to 1.5 page.