Welcome to

grade 8
mathematics
Review Time
 1. The Fibonacci
Numbers:
Activi 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13,
ty 21, 34, ___
 2. 1 x 1 = 1
11 x 11 = 121
Activi 111 x 111 = 12321
ty 1111 x 1111 = 1234321
11111 x 11111 = ________
 3. My math teacher is
strict. My previous
Activi
teacher was strict. What

ty can you say about all

math teachers?
Reasoning and
Proofs
Introducti
on:
•Getting a term in a pattern requires logical
reasoning.
•Reasoning in geometry can be done in two
ways;
•INDUCTIVE REASONING or
•DEDUCTIVE REASONING
 • In inductive reasoning, conclusion is
Introductobtained by observing a pattern or
doing several observations.
ion • The conclusion obtained from
inductive reasoning is not
necessarily true. This conclusion is
also called a conjecture.
EXAMPLE:
1. Last Christmas season, Pamela noticed
that her daughter would sneeze several
times early morning before taking a bath.
She asked her daughter if the latter also
sneeze in school and her daughter said no.
Pamela concluded that her daughter has
allergy to cold weather.
EXAMPLE:
2. The next two numbers in the sequence
1, , , … are and
• In deductive reasoning, conclusion is based on
facts such as definition of terms and properties.
• Conclusion from deductive reasoning is true when
the hypotheses are also true. Conclusion through
deductive reasoning is obtained by following these
steps:
Step 1: Assume the hypothesis (given) to be true.
Identify the conclusion (prove). Recall that a
conditional statement has hypothesis and conclusion.
Step 2: Enumerate the definition of terms or properties
that can be used. Write an argument from the
hypothesis to the desired conclusion. Statements in
the argument should be in logical order.
Step 3: write the interpretation. Use the “given” and the
“prove”.
Recalling
the past
 MATCH
ME: A
1.Addition Property of Equality (APE)
2.Subtraction Property of Equality
(SPE)
3.Multiplication Property of Equality
(MPE)
4.Division Property of Equality (DPE)
5.Distribution Property
6.Substitution Property
7.Reflective Property
8.Symmetric Property
9.Transitive Property
B
a. If a = b, then a + c = b + c.
b. a = a
c. If a = b, then b = a.
d. a (b + c) = ab + ac
e. If a = b and b = c, then a =c.
f. If a = b, then a – c = b – c.
g. If a = b, then a/c = b/c, c ≠ 0.
h. If a = b, ac = bc.
i. If a + b = c and b = d, then a
+ d = c.
• The Reflective, Symmetric, and Transitive Property of
Equality are used in justifying the following Properties
of Congruence.

1. Congruence of angles is reflective.

Example: ∠A ∠A.
2. Congruence of angles is symmetric.
Example: ∠A ∠B, then ∠B ∠A.
3. Congruence of angles is transitive.
Example: If ∠A ∠B and ∠B ∠C, then ∠A ∠C
 Remembe
Property 1: Angles in the linear pair are supplementary.
Property 2: Vertical angles are congruent.
Property 6: The sum of the measures of the angles of a triangle is equal to 180°.
Property 7: The sum of the measures of the angles of a quadrilateral is 360°.
r me:
Property 8: The sum of the measures of the angles of a polygon is equal to (n-2) 180° where n
is the number of sides.
Property 9: An interior angle of a polygon and its corresponding exterior angle are
supplementary.
Property 10: The sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a polygon, one at each vertex,
is equal to 360°.
Property 11:
a. All radii of the same circle are congruent.
b. All diameters of the same circle are congruent.
c. The length of the diameter of a circle is twice the length of its radius.
Identify the property of equality used in each of the following:
1. If x = 10, then x + 3 = 13.
2. If x = 8, then = 4.
Use inductive reasoning and give a conjecture of the following:
3. When there is a quiz, the teacher does not bring her laptop
in the classroom. The teacher came in class without her laptop.

Use inductive reasoning to determine the next two terms in each

Activ
pattern.
4. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, __, __
Thank
you