ICT Holiday

Summer
Homework
Direct Data Entry Devices
Direct Data Entry(DDE) Devices
Direct Data Entry(DDE) devices are instruments used to
enter the data into a device with very less human
involvement. The transfer of data is done by the devices
itself(ex.-barcode reader, card reader, etc.) but it
requires human interactivity like for example: you need
to hold the debit/credit card near the card machine so
that machine could read the card and transaction can
be done(contactless payment).
 Name Of Devices
Sr. Number Device Name Slide Number

1. Card Reader 4-7

2. RFID Reader 8-9
3. OMR 10-11
4. OCR 12-13
5. Barcode Reader 14-15
6. QR Code Scanner 16-17
Card Readers

Types :-
i. Magnetic Stripe Readers
ii. Contactless Debit/Credit card readers
iii. Chip and Pin Readers Slides no. 4-7
 ->Used to read information from
Card Reader magnetic stripe

-> Advantages:
Magnetic Stripe i. Fast data entry
Readers ii. Error free
iii. Secure
iv. Very robust
-> Disadvantages
i. If stripe gets damaged the data is lost
ii. Does not work at distance
iii. Information Is not human readable
 ->Used pay for items worth up to a certain
Card Reader amount without entering pin and from a certain
distance
-> Advantages:

Contactless i. Fast transactions

ii. Error free
Debit/Credit card iii. Secure with 128 bit encryption system
readers iv. It uses a unique number for every single
transactions
-> Disadvantages
i. More expensive
ii. Can take money twice if the card is used
with chip and pin
iii. Limited to small maximum value
 ->Used at EFTPOS terminals where payments
Card Reader are accepted using card machines

-> Advantages:
Chip and Pin i. More secure than contactless
payments
Readers
ii. More robust system than magnetic
stripe readers
-> Disadvantages
i. During the transaction just take care that
no one reads your pin as it can create
chance of fraud.
Radio Frequency Identification
Readers (RFID) Slides no. 8-9
Readers
Radio Frequency Identification Readers
(RFID) Readers
->Uses ->Advantages ->Disadvantages
i. Livestock i. No sight of i. Tag collision
tracking contact ii. Easy to jam
ii. Retail necessary
iii. Easy to hack
iii. Admission ii. Very fast read the data
Passes rate
iv. Expensive
iv. Libraries iii. Bidirectional
data transfer
iv. Bulk detection
Optical Mark Recognition/Reader
(OMR)

Slides no. 10-11

Optical Mark Recognition/Reader
(OMR)
->Uses ->Advantages ->Disadvantages
i. MCQs Styled i. Very fast data i. Sheet needs to be
papers inputting carefully designed and
ii. Questionnaire ii. Data filled
iii. Voting papers automatically ii. Can have problem if the
fed sheet is left blank
iv. Forms
iii. No human iii. Sometimes needs to be
input checked manually;
iv. More accurate making time consuming
and expensive
Optical Character Recognition/Reader (OCR)

Slides no. 12-13

Optical
Character Recognition/Reader
(OCR) ->Advantages
->Uses i. Faster data entry
• Processing of ii. Reduced errors
passports and
identity cards
• Digitising the data ->Disadvantages
• Automatic i. Difficulty
number plate reading some
recognition handwriting
system in car
parking ii. Not very
accurate
Barcode
Reader

Slides no. 14-15

->Uses
i. In supermarkets to bill,
automatically stock products and Barcode Reader
give information about the
product
ii. In library to keep track of books
->Advantages
iii. Faster data entry
iv. Error less
->Disadvantages
v. Not fool proof
vi. Can be easily damaged
Quick
Res p o n s e
(QR)
Cod e
Sc an n e r s
(Re a d e rs )
Slides no. 16-17
 ->Uses
i. Advertisement
ii. Links to apps
Quick iii. Authentication
Response iv. Some payment methods
->Advantages
(QR)
v. They hold more information than
Code barcode
Scanners vi. They can be encrypted
(Readers) ->Disadvantages
vii. More than one QR format is available
viii.Anyone can easily generate QR codes
which creates the risk of fraud.
 Comparison
OCR OMR
This method reads handwriting so it is possible This method reads shading done on sheet so it
to give long answers. is not possible to submit long answers.

Errors can occur if the handwriting is non- Errors can occur if shading are not correctly
understandable. marked.

It is used for converting written data into It reads the position of shading on the sheet so
editable electronic format. it is good for MCQs.

It requires complex recognition system. Recognition system is simpler as compared to

OCR.

Less instructions are needed to fill the data. This requires more ‘how to fill’ instructions.
 Some
Interesting Facts
1. First product to have a barcode was Wrigley’s gum in year 1973.
2. The first barcode was invented by a Drexel teacher Norman Joseph
Woodland in year 1940.
3. QR codes can store up to 4000 characters of text.
4. The invention of barcode was done by a company named Denso
Wave to track vehicles and its parts during the manufacturing
process.
5. The first payment through credit card was made in year 1950 in a
place named ‘Diners Club’.
 References
• Google Images
• ICT Book
• https://www.takepayments.com/blog/product-information/the-history-
of-card-machines/#:~:text=The%20first%20payment%20card%2C%2
0Diners,settle%20transactions%20without%20using%20cash
.
• https://www.dbk.com/resources/barcode-scanner-history.html
 Thank You
Presentation made by Nipun
Jhalani.