Basic Electronics

Chapter 1
Review
Charge
I C = 6.24* 10^18 electrons
Law of conservation of charge
Electric Current
i = q/t
Voltage
v = w/q
What is power?
We pay the bills for electric energy consumed over a
period of time
100 Watt bulb consumes more energy and shines
brighter than a 60 Watt bulb
Power:
is the time rate of expending or absorbing energy,
measured in watts P = w/t
Power is a time varying quantity
+ve power: Power being absorbed by elementDepends on
polarity of
-ve power: Power being supplied by the element
current &
Voltage
Power absorbed and supplied
What is Energy?
Energy is the capacity to do work, Measured in Joules
1 Joule = 1 Watt * 1 Second
1wh = 3600J

Law of conservation of energy

Formula to be used
Practice Question
Practice Question

P=vi
w = p*t = v*i*t
v= w/i*t = 2300/(2*10) = 115 v
Practice Question

V = w/q
V= -30/6 = -5v
V = -30/-3 = 10v
Practice Question
 Practice Question

a. Integrate i with respect to time

b. p=vi
c. w=pt
Circuit Analysis
A circuit is given to you and you have to analyse how
it works
We need to discuss the circuit elements first
Circuit Elements
Element is the basic building block of a circuit.
An Electric circuit is simply an interconnection of the
elements.
Active and Passive Elements
Active elements generate energy while passive don’t
Examples?
Active Elements
Dependant/ Independent
Active Elements
Independent active elements

Dependent active elements

 A, B & C are Passive Elements

Independent CCVS
Voltage source
 Current should enter +

P1 = vi = 30(-10) = -300W

P2 = vi = +100W
P3 = vi = 20(14) = 280W
P4 = vi = 8(-4) = -32W
P5 = vi = 12(-0.4*10) = 12(-4) = -48W
Calculate the power supplied or absorbed by each
element
Calculate power supplied/absorbed by each element of
this circuit:
Ch 2: Basic Laws
 Ohm’s Law
There is always resistance to moving electrons
Resistance of any material of a uniform cross section
is:

Are resistors
active or
passive
devices?
Ohm’s Law

v = iR

R = 0, Short circuit
R = infinity, Open circuit
Resistors: Fixed vs. Variable
 Linear and non linear Resistance
Only linear resistors follow ohm’s law in
which current & Voltage are linearly
related through R

Resistance of Non- Linear resistors varies

with current
Eg. Bulb: resistance increases with current
due to rise in temperature
Conductance
Power absorbed by a resistor
Practice Question