Chemistry - Key Stage 3

Particles - Lesson 1

Solids, Liquids and Gases

Miss Mason
 Careers to do with particles

The 3 states of matter

Particles in solids, liquids and gases

Properties of solids, liquids and gases

Outcome: being able to distinguish between

the 3 states of matter
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 (All image attributions available on final slide)

Doctor Chef Criminal investigator

Can you name these 6 jobs that use knowledge of particles?

Forensic Scientist Mechanic

Cleaner

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Solids, liquids and gases
We refer to these as ‘states of matter’

Look around you and see if you can identify 3 solids, 2 liquids and 1 gas

IMPORTANT: Everything is made up of particles

Solid Liquid Gas

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What are the three states of matter?

Solid, liquid and gas

Solid
Very close together

All touching

Regular pattern

All of these points are to do with the arrangement of the particles

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Liquid
Close together

All touching

Random pattern

All of these points are to do with the arrangement of the particles

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 Gas
Far apart

Space between particles

Random pattern

All of these points are to do with the arrangement of the particles

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Which of the following statements best describes the arrangement of particles in a solid?

Option 1 Option 2

They have a random arrangement where all They have a regular arrangement where
of them are touching none of them are touching

Option 3 Option 4

They have a regular arrangement where all They have a random arrangement where
of them are touching some of them are touching but others aren’t

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Which of the following statements best describes the arrangement of particles in a liquid?

Option 1 Option 2

They have a random arrangement where all They have a regular arrangement where
of them are touching none of them are touching

Option 3 Option 4

They have a regular arrangement where all They have a random arrangement but all
of them are touching particles are still touching

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Which of the following statements best describes the arrangement of particles in a gas?

Option 1 Option 2

They have a random arrangement where They have a regular arrangement where
none of them are touching none of them are touching

Option 3 Option 4

They have a regular arrangement where all They have a random arrangement where
of them are touching some of them are touching but others aren’t

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Movement

The particles vibrate around a fixed position

The particles move around each other

The particles move in all different directions at different speeds

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Quick-fire questions

Which state of matter has particles that are able to move around
in all different directions at different speeds?

Gas

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Quick-fire questions

Which state of matter has particles that vibrate in a fixed

position?

Solid

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Quick-fire questions

Which state of matter has particles that are able to move around
each other?

Liquid

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Independent practice KEY WORDS: random, regular, vibrate, speed, direction.

State of Matter Arrangement of particles Movement of particles

Solid

Liquid

Gas

State of Matter Arrangement of particles Movement of particles

Solid Regular, all touching Vibrate in a fixed position

Liquid Random, all touching Move around each other

Gas Random, sometimes touch but not Move at all different speeds and in
often different directions

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 Pause the video to complete your task
Compare the arrangement and movement of particles in a solid and a gas.

1. Particles in a solid are arranged in a…

2. However, particles in a gas are arranged in a...

3. The movement of particles in a solid involves… whereas the movement of

particles in a gas involves...

Resume once you’re finished

Answers
Compare the arrangement and movement of particles in a solid and a gas.

1. Particles in a solid are arranged in a regular pattern. All particles are touching.

2. However, particles in a gas are arranged in a random pattern. The particles can
touch but this only happens occasionally.

3. The movement of particles in a solid involves vibration around a fixed position

whereas the movement of particles in a gas involves all different directions and
different speeds.

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Properties

Features/characteristics → “what they can do”.

● Cannot be compressed

● Have a fixed shape

● High density

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Properties

● Cannot be compressed

● Can flow

● Can take the shape of their container

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Properties

● Can be compressed

● Can flow

● Low density

● Changes volume to fill the room

● Can take the shape of their container

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Match the property to the state of matter

Changes shape to fit its container

Can be compressed

High density
Has a fixed shape
Low density

Changes volume to fill the room

Cannot be compressed

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Independent task

Explain why it is easy to compress an empty water bottle but not a full water bottle.

1. The main state of matter found in an empty bottle of

water is… Gas

2. It would be possible to compress this bottle because...

There are spaces between the particles in a
3. The main state gas
of matter found in a full bottle of water
is…
Liquid
4. It wouldn’t be possible to compress this bottle because...
(Image attribution on final slide)
There are no spaces between the
particles in a liquid

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Now it’s time for you to complete the quiz
References
● Slide [5] - [Pexels] - [Gustavo Fring] - [Young doctor in uniform with stethoscope and notebook
in medical room]

● Slide [5] - [Wikimedia Commons] - [Chef Ayabonga Gope] - [Chef Aya]

● Slide [5] - [Wikimedia Commons] - [CID Command Public Affairs] - [US Army 51870 CID
agent at crime scene]

● Slide [5] - [Need Pix] - [Petr Kratochvil] - [Clean Cleaner Cleaning]

● Slide [5] - [Flickr] - [West Midlands Police] - [Forensic Science Investigator FSI]

● Slide [5] - [Flickr] - [Seattle Municipal Archives] - [Mechanic Shae Davies 2000]

● Slide [20] - [Flickr] - [Marco Verch] - [Half empty plastic water bottle with no label and blue
cap]
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