Behavior

of Gases
4th QUARTER
Module 1
Most Essential Learning
Competencies
 volume and pressure at
constant temperature of a gas;
 volume and temperature at
constant pressure of a gas;
 explain these relationships
using kinetic molecular
theory. (S9MT-IIj-20)
 Expectations
 State the relationship of each variable of gases
using Boyles’s Law and Charles’s Law.
 Solve problems regarding Boyle’s Law and
Charles’s Law.
 Explain Boyle’s Law and Charles’s Law using
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases Good luck and
have an enjoyable learning experience.
 Gases
 Gas is a state of
matter that has no
fixed shape and
no fixed volume. 
 Properties of Gases
 Pressure (P) - the force exerted by gas particles colliding
with the wall of their container (units – atm, Pa, psi, torr, barr)
 Volume (V) - the amount of space that a substance or object
occupies (units – L, m 3, gallon)
 Temperature (T) - the average kinetic energy of all the atoms
or molecules of that substance (units – °C, °F, K)
 number of particles (chemists group them by moles)
 Boyle’s Law
 Robert Boyle
 “The volume of a gas is inversely
proportional to its pressure at
constant temperature.”
 Boyle’s Law equation

𝑃1𝑉1 = 𝑃2𝑉2
where:
P1 = initial pressure expressed in atmospheric pressure
(atm)
V1 = initial volume expressed in Liters (L)
P2 = final pressure expressed in atmospheric pressure
(atm)
 Boyle’s Law
 Boyle’s Law equation

𝑃1𝑉1 = 𝑃2𝑉2
P V

where:
P1 = initial pressure expressed in atmospheric pressure
P V (atm)
V1 = initial volume expressed in Liters (L)
P2 = final pressure expressed in atmospheric pressure
(atm)
 Boyle’s Law
 Boyle’s Law equation

𝑃1𝑉1 = 𝑃2𝑉2
1. The oxygen gas inside a 5 L-gas
tank has a pressure of 0.95 atm.
Provided that the temperature remains
constant, how much pressure is needed
to reduce its volume by 2.5L?
 Boyle’s Law
 Boyle’s Law equation Given: V1 = 5L
𝑃1𝑉1 = 𝑃2𝑉2 P1 = 0.95 atm
V2 = 2.5L
1. The oxygen gas inside a 5
Required: P2 = ?
L-gas tank has a pressure of
0.95 atm. Provided that the Equation: 𝑃1𝑉1 = 𝑃2𝑉2
temperature remains constant, Solution:
how much pressure is needed Answer:
to reduce its volume by 2.5L?
 Boyle’s Law
 Boyle’s Law equation

𝑃1𝑉1 = 𝑃2𝑉2
2. A scuba diver needs a diving tank to
provide breathing gas while he is
underwater. How much pressure is
needed for 12.00 liters of gas at 1.5
atmospheric pressure to be
compressed in a 4.00-liter cylinder?
 Charles’s Law
 Jacques Charles
 “The volume of a gas is directly
proportional to its temperature at
constant pressure..”
 Charles’s Law equation

𝑉1 𝑉2 where:

= T1 = initial temperature expressed in Kelvin (K)

T1 T2
V1 = initial volume expressed in Liters (L)
T2 = final temperature expressed in Kelvin (K)
V2 = final volume expressed in Liters (L)
 Charles’s Law
 Charles’s Law equation
T V
𝑉1 =
𝑉2
T1 T2
T V
“The volume of a gas is
directly proportional to
its temperature at
constant pressure..”
 Charles’s Law
 Charles’s Law equation 𝑉1 𝑉2
=
T1 T2
1. A cylinder with a movable piston
contains 0.5L air at 20°C. If the
pressure is kept constant, at what
temperature would you expect the
volume to be 1.5 L?
 Charles’s Law
 Charles’s Law equation 𝑉1 𝑉2
=
T1 T2
2. A tank (not rigid) contains 2.3L of helium
gas at 25°C. What will be the volume of the
tank after heating it and its content to 40°C
temperature at constant pressure?
 Seat Work
Solve the following problems using Boyle’s Law and Charles’s Law.
1. If a confined gas has a volume of 1.26 liters at 0.65 atm,
what pressure will cause it to be 800mL?
2. On hot days, you may have noticed that potato chip bags
seem to “inflate”, even though they have not been opened.
If I have a 0.25 L bag at a temperature of 19 °C, and I leave
it in my car which has a temperature of 60 °C, what will
the new volume of the bag be?
 Kinetic Molecular Theory

“Gas particles are

in constant
motion and
exhibit perfectly
elastic collisions.”
 Kinetic Molecular Theory
Basic assumptions:
1. Gases are composed of very small particles called
atoms or molecules.
2. The distances between gas particles are very great
that the volume of a gas is mostly empty space.
3. There are no repulsive or attractive forces between
gas particles.
 Kinetic Molecular Theory
4. Gas particles are in constant random motion.
5. Collisions between gas particles or with the walls of
the containers are perfectly elastic, that is, no energy of
motion (kinetic energy) is lost.
6. The kinetic energy of the particles depends on the
temperature of the gas.