Emergency

Management
Cycle
 EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT CYCLE
THE ABILITY OF AN INDIVIDUAL
OR INSTITUTION TO PREVENT OR
MITIGATE, PREPARE FOR,
RESPOND TO, AND RECOVER FROM
A CRISIS.
1
MITIGATI
2
PREPAREDN
ON ESS

3
RESPONS
4
RECOVE
PHASES E RY
A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN SHOULD

ADDRESS ALL PHASES OF

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

TAKE AN ALL – HAZARDS

APPROACH

ENSURE THAT AVAILABLE

MANPOWER AND RESOURCES ARE
IDENTIFIED
 BASIS OF COMMUNITY EMP

COMMUNITY HISTORY, CULTURE , AND

WAYS OF DOING BUSINESS, INCLUDING
1 EXISTING LOCAL OR REGIONAL
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
RESOURCES AND PREACTICES

DIFFERENT TYPES OF RISKS PRESENT

2 IN THE COMMUNITY

DIFFERENT NATIONAL AND LOCAL

3 GOVERNMENT SAFETY LAWS
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES ON
DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION AND
PEOPLE’S RESILIENCE
1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES
I. Solidarity
II. Joint responsibility
III. Non-discrimination
IV. Humanity
V. Impartiality
VI. Neutrality
VII.Cooperation
VIII.Territorial sovereignty
IX. Prevention
X. Role of the media
2 Ethical principles applied prior to disasters
I. Introduction of prevention measures
II. The importance of a good quality healthy environment
III. Education, training and awareness-raising about resilience to disasters
IV. Prior information
V. Participation
VI. Freedom of expression
VII. Access to justice
VIII.Disaster prevention at the workplace
IX. Disaster prevention in recreation and tourist areas
X. Disaster prevention in public places, particularly schools and hospitals
XI. Special prevention measures for the most vulnerable groups
XII. Organization of and participation in emergency drills
XIII.Preventive evacuation of populations
 The ethical principles applied during
3
disasters
I. Humanitarian assistance
II. Information and participation during disasters
III. Compulsory evacuation of populations
IV. Respect of dignity
V. Respect of persons
VI. Emergency assistance for the most vulnerable persons
VII. The importance of rescue workers
VIII.Measures to safeguard and rehabilitate the environment
IX. Necessary measures to safeguard and restore social ties
4 The ethical principles applied after disasters

I. Strengthening resilience to the effects of

disasters
II. Necessary measures
III. Protection of economic, social and cultural
rights
IV. Protection of civil and political rights
 FOUR PHASES OF
EMERGENCY
MANANGEMENT CYCLE
PREVENTION -
MITIGATION
1
PREVENTION - MITIGATION
 PREVENTION MAY PERTAIN TO MORE CONCRETE
ACTIVITIES, SUCH AS INSPECTIONS AND IMMEDIATE
REPAIR OF BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS
 REVIEW OF THE SAFETY FEATURES OF EACH
BUILDING OR INFRASTRUCTURE CAN BE DONE TO
ASSURE THAT THEY CAN STILL WITHSTAND FUTURE
HAZARD OCCURENCES
 FOR LEARNING INSTITUTIONS, PREVENTION ACTIONS
CAN TAKE THE FORM OF ONGOING PROGRAMS THAT
IMPROVE SCHOOL CLIMATE, SUCH AS VIOLENCE
PREPAREDNESS
2
PREPAREDNESS
THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPS
THEIR OWN SYSTEM FOR
COMMAND MANAGEMENT
INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM
(ICS)
FEATURES OF ICS
 PERSONNEL FROM VARIETY OF AGENCIES CAN MELD RAPIDLY
INTO A COMMON MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE
 ICS IS FLEXIBLE TO MEET THE NEEDS OF ALL INCIDENT – ANY
KIND, SIZE, OR LEVEL OF COMPLEXITY
 ICS HELPS ALL RESPONDERS COMMUNICATE AND GET WHAT
THEY NEED WHEN THEY NEED IT
 ICS PRESCRIBES THAT THERE IS ONE PERSON IN CHARGE OF AN
INCIDENT – THE INCIDENT COMMANDER – WHICH MAY VARY
FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF INCIDENTS AND MAY CHANGE
DURING INCIDENT RESPONSE
 THE BEST WAYS TO
PROPERLY PREPARE
COMMUNITIES IS BY
CONDUCTING PRACTICES
SESSIONS OR EXERCISES
TABLETOP
EXERCISE
 PARTICIPATED BY SEVERAL PARTICIPANTS IN WHICH THEY NEED
TO WORK THROUGH A SIMULATED EMERGENCY SITUATION
 THE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF EACH PART OF THE ICS
AND THE STAKEHOLDERS ARE REHEARSED
 THE DIFFERENT SECTON HEADS CAN PRACTICE MAKING
DECISIONS OR FORWARDING INFORMATION VERTICALLY TO THE
INCIDENT COMMANDER, AND HORIZONTALLY TO THE OTHER
SECTION HEADS, AS NEEDED.
 ANY NECESSARY RESOURCES WHICH ARE NOT YET AVAILABLE
WILL BE IDENTIFIED AND SECURED.
DRILL
 RESPONSIBILITIES AND PROCEDURES SHOULD BE CLEARLY
DEFINED AND PRACTICE DURING THE EXERCISE.

 IT WILL REVEAL HOW WELL THINGS WORK, WHAT IS MISSING,

AND WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE.
 IN A SCHOOL SETUP, DRILL FOR THE PROPER RESPONSE FOR AN
EARTHQUAKE ALERT TO SEE IF THE STUDENTS ARE AWARE OF
DOING THE “DUCK/DROP, COVER, AND HOLD” TECHNIQUE WHEN
THEY HEAR THE WARNING SIREN.
FULL – SCALE
SIMULATION
 MOST INTENSE, COSTLY, AND RESOURCE – INTENSIVE TYPEOF
EMERGENCY EXERCISE.

 REQUIRES A CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF PLANNING AND

CONSULTATIONS, AND INVOLVES A LARGE NUMBER OF
PARTICIPANTS.

 THE CHOICE OF SCENARIO DEPENDS LARGELY ON WHICH

EMERGENCY RESPONSE CAPABILITIES ARE MEANT TO BE
TESTED AND PRACTICED.
RESPONSE
3
RESPONSE
 THE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN BECOMES
OPERATIONAL.

 RESPONSES TO EMERGENCIES WILL BE GREATLY ENHANCED

DUE TO THOROUGH AND EFFECTIVE WORK IN THE PREVENTION
– MITIGATION PHASE AND PREPAREDNESS PHASE.

 EFFECTIVE RESPONSE REQUIRES INFORMED DECISION –

MAKING AND CLEAR IDENTIFICATION OF LINES OF AUTHORITY.
KEY ELEMENTS
1. ASSESSMENT OF THE MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM
2. ACTIVATION OF THE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
PLAN AND ICS
3. DEPLOYMENT OF RESOURCES AND MAKING
INFORMED DECISIONS
4. WORKING WITH FIRST RESPONDERS AND
COMMUNITY PARTNERS
5. INITIATION OF THE TRANSITION TO THE RECOVERY
PHASE
6. ENACTING AN AFTER – ACTION ASSESSMENT AS A
RECOVERY
4
RECOVERY
 CONSTANTLY ONGOING PROCESS

 CAN BE A LONG TERM PROCESS; AND THERE ARE NO SHORT –

CUTS TO THE PROCESS OF HELPING A COMMUNITY HEAL AFTER
IT HAS SUSTAINED A SIGNIFICANT LOSS

 DESIGNED TO ASSIST THE COMMUNITY WITH HEALING AND

COPING, AND RESTORE NORMAL OPERATIONS IN THE DAY – TO –
DAY LIVING.
MAJOR OBJECTIVE OF
RECOVERY

COORDINATION OF
RAPID DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
 A CONTINUITY OF OPERATIONS
PLAN (COOP) OR BUSINESS
CONTINUITY PLAN (BCP) HELPS
ENSURE THAT THERE IS A SYSTEM
IN PLACE TO ENABLE ESSENTIAL
WORK IMMEDIATELY AFTER A
CRISIS
 HOW CAN EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT CYCLE IMPROVE
DISASTER RESILIENCY OF
PHILIPPINE COMMUNITY?