VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI

GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE,

BIDAR-585403,
DEPARTMENT OF CIVILKARNATAKA
ENGINEERING

SEMINAR TOPIC ON:

“CYCLONE RESISTANT BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION”

PRESENTED BY : UNDER THE GUIDE:

AVINASH  
3GN19CV016 PROF. PUNEETH KUMAR
 Contents
•Introduction
•Technical aspects of the topic (with relevant tables, figures
and specifications wherever required)
•Case studies
•Summary
•References
 INTRODUCTION
•A system of winds rotating inward to an area of low atmospheric pressure with a
counterclockwise or clockwise circulation.
•The coastal areas of India receive a number of cyclonic wind storms practically every
year causing devastation over large areas due to

(i) High speed winds, which destroy traditional homes and uproot trees and electric line
supports
(ii) Floods, caused by heavy rains,

(iii) Storm surge waters, first flowing towards the land then receding back towards the
sea, drowning people, destroying homes, agriculture, trees etc., whatever comes in the
path of the flowing waters.
•Horticultural crops suffer badly in both cases at sea coast and inland under high speed
winds.
 INTRODUCTION
•Most cyclone affected places in world
1.Japan
2.Philippines
3.The United State

•Most cyclone affected place in India

1.Westbengal
2.Odisha
3.Andrapradesh
4.Tamilnadu
5.Puducherry
 Effect of wind
Wind speed m/sec Typical Movement

5-10 Loose alluminium sheets fly

10-15 Loose galvanised iron sheets fly
15-20 Loose fibre cement sheets fly
20-25 Loose concrete and clay tiles fly
25-30 Roof sheets fixed to battens fly
30-35 Small aircrafts take off speed
35-40 Garden walls blow over
40-45 Unreinforced brick walls fail
45-50 Major damage from flying debris
50-55 75 mm thick concrete slabs fly
55-60 100 mm thick concrete slabs fly
70-75 120 mm thick concrete slabs fly
75-80 150 mm thick concrete slabs fly
Cyclone Estimated Name Strongest Typical effect (indicative only)
Category sustained gust
Wind speeds
(km/hr)

1. 63-88 Tropical Below 125 Tropical cyclone causing negligible

cyclone house damage. Damage to some crops,
trees and caravans.
Watercraft may drag moorings

2. 89-117 Severe 125-164 Cyclone causing minor house damage.

Cyclonic Significant damage to signs, trees and
Storm (SCS) caravans. Heavy damage to some crops.
Risk of power failure.
Small watercraft may break moorings
3. 118-159 Very SCS 164-224 Cyclone causing some damage to roofs
and structural damage on older houses.
Some caravans destroyed. Power failure
likely.

4. Over 200 Super Above 280 Extremely dangerous withpotential for

Cyclonic wide
Storm spread destruction.
 Case study

As Regional Meteorological Centre Director G. K. Das described Cyclone AMPHAN is the strongest
cyclone to hit Kolkata in this century in terms of wind speed and the second Super Cyclone since 1999.
The cyclone, whose eye was about 30 kilometre in diameter, made landfall with gusting winds of up to
185 kmph and waves about 15 feet tall in the coastal areas of West Bengal. Wind speeds in Kolkata,
Hooghly and Howrah ranged between 110 kmph and120 kmph, gusting to 130 kmph. The cyclone
made landfall on the coastal belt of West Bengalnear Digha and completely disrupted essential services
and livelihoods across the southern part of West Bengal and even in some of the northern districts of
the state.
The main impact of the cyclone has been felt in 10 districts, including 3 coastal districts and the State
Capital, Kolkata, It is estimated that about 13.6 million people were severely affected (including
approximately 0.544 million boys and girls).
cyclone affected area details
 DAMAGING EFFECTS OF CYCLONE ON HOUSES

•Due to the high wind pressure and improper connection of the house to the footings
it can be blown away.
•Roofing materials not anchored can be blown away.
•Light weight verandah roofs are more susceptible to damage due to high
•When cyclone are accomplained for heavy rain for a long duration ,the building can
be damaged due to flooding also. Building contents are spoiled due to when roofing
sheet fly away.
 DAMAGES OF BUILDING

There are two types of damages of building :-

1.Catastrophic failures
2. Component failures

1.Catastrophic failures :-
Foundation
Steel frames
Masonry houses
Timber houses
Reinforced concrete frames
Telecommunication towers and mast
 2.Component Failures :-
Roof sheeting
Roof tiles
Rafters
Winds and doors
walls
 CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS

All buildings have been classified into three main categories in India as:-
(i)Non Engineered (NE): Buildings constructed using the
conventional building materials using local construction practices are termed as non
engineered building
(ii)Semi-Engineered (SE): Semi Engineered buildings, which
are made intuitively from structural materials without proper design. Supervision may be
through trained staff.
(iii)Engineered (E) : Engineered Buildings are buildings,
which have designed and constructed as per Indian standards (IS15498:2004).Based on
the construction materials used in walls& roofs, and the type of roof; pitched
(P) or flat (F) the house types have been classified.
 THE FOLLOWING CARE SHOULD BE TAKEN IN DESIGNING
BUILDINGS IN CYCLONE-PRONE AREAS:

1. Foundations should be deeper.

2. R.C.C. framed structures are to be preferred over load- bearing structures.
3. Sloping roofs should be avoided.
4. Cantilever projections should be avoided.
5. Roof and parapet wall should be properly anchored to the columns and
walls.
6. The height of the buildings should be restricted.
7. Suitable wind load should be considered in the building design.
8. Openings in the wall should be less.
9. The structure should not rest on loose soil.
10.Plant trees around the house as windbreaks and reduce the flow of water,
but not too close.
 CHOOSING SITE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF HOUSE
The location of the building is important. We often have little choice in the matter,
perhaps because of financial constraints. It is as well, therefore, to recognize when
a building is being located in a more vulnerable area. The rational response would
be to build a stronger-than-normal house
 DESIGN OF THE HOUSE

• We do have control over the shape of new buildings and shape is the
most important single factor in determining the performance of buildings
in cyclones. Simple, compact, symmetrical shapes are best. The square
plan is better than the rectangle since it allows high winds to go around
them. The rectangle is better than the L-shaped plan. This is not to say
that all buildings must be square. But it is to say that one must be aware
of the implications of design decisions and take appropriate action to
counter negative features.
 DESIGN OF THE HOUSE

• The best shape to resist high winds is a square. If other shapes are desired,
efforts should be made to strengthen the corners. If longer shapes are used,
they must be designed to withstand the forces of the wind. Most houses are
rectangular and the best layout is when the length is not more than three
(3) times the width. In case of construction of group of buildings, a cluster
arrangement can be followed in preference to row type.
 SUMMARY

• Majority of buildings will be of like roofs on top of building. Cyclone shelters in the coastal
regions are not sufficient in number they are not properly located, designed and maintained. On
the basis of the new concept of disaster management, it is essential to consider a cyclone shelter
not only as an leaving space for cyclone affected people during emergency period but also as a
community development centre throughout the whole year. However, it is important to note that
traditional houses can only be cyclone resistant with a approach for the implementation of all the
recommendations in the guidelines for cyclone resistant houses.

• This summarizes the construction technique and design principles for building elements like
roofs, doors and windows, foundation and walls to minimize the structural damage. And also
brief introduction about engineered, semi-engineered and non-engineered building construction.

• At last what type of design we have to construct the building in coastal areas and based on IS
code books i.e. as per Indian standards. Design of wind speed plays important role in
construction of buildings.
 REFERENCES

1.Shreyas Ashoka keote, Dhanendra Kumar and Rishabh Singh “Construction of Low
Rise Buildings in Cyclone Prone Areas and Modification of Cyclone,” June 24, 2015,
published: July 30, 2015 .
2.K S Sathyanarayanan 2012 “A detailed review of literature on structural safety,”
ijciet – CiteSeerX.
3.Chief Executive Officer, Dr. P K Mishra, “Guidelines for construction of buildings in
GUJURAT,” Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority, Government of Gujarat,
December-2001.
4.J SHANMUGASUNDARAM, S ARUNACHALAM and M ARUMUGAM
(structural Engineering Research Centre, Madras 600113, India) “Materials and
methods of construction to resist the effects of cyclones,” Bull. Master. Sci., Vol. 15,
No. 1, February 1992, pp. 55-65
5.Pratyasha Patnaik, Dr. Ajay Gairola, Er.(Dr) Abhay Gupta “Cyclone-Resistant
Design of Buildings as Per Indian Standards,” Director, Skeleton Consultants Pvt.
Ltd. Noida
THANKYOU