Introduction to Dresser-Rand Heritage Gas Engines

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D-R Heritage Engine Families

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What is a Dresser-Rand Gas Engine?
A Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine.
The engine converts stored energy of fuel into mechanical work.
“Gas Engine” referring to a spark ignition engine operating on a gaseous fuel.

An engine is a mechanical system consisting of the following sub-systems:

Combustion Air Delivery
Fuel Delivery
Ignition (spark ignition)
Exhaust (removal of the products of combustion)
Lubrication
Cooling
Control (Air/Fuel Ratio, Spark Timing, Safety Shut-downs, and Options)
Starting

Dresser-Rand’s engine heritage includes Diesel (compression ignition) and “dual

fuel” engines. “Dual-fuel” refers to a Diesel engine operating on gaseous fuel;
utilizing a small quantity of injected fuel oil to initiate combustion of the gas/air
mixture in the engine’s cylinders.
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System Components of a 512KVR Engine-Compressor

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Major Parts of a 512KVR Engine-Compressor

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Two of Three Main D-R Heritage Engine Production Plants

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Early 1900’s Rand Imperial Steam Engine-Compressor

In the late-1800’s, many of the

manufacturers of steam
engines began to develop
designs for internal
combustion engines.

By the late-1920’s the internal

combustion engine had
largely replaced the steam
engine as the motive power
source throughout industry
and agriculture.

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Evolution from Steam to Internal Combustion Engines
Ingersoll-Rand XG Gas Engine-Compressor from 1925

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Ingersoll-Rand Integral Engine-Compressor

Evolution to
a “vee” type
engine with
overhead
valves.

The picture illustrates an

XVO engine-compressor.
This is a Diesel engine
based on the XVG frame.

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 I-R Engines and Engine-Compressors

• 1925 XG Horizontal integral engine-compressor.

• 1929 XOG I-R’s first integral engine-compressor having vertical power cylinders.
• 1932 XVG First “vee” engine integral-engine compressor in the industry.
• 1936 PVG Power engine version of XVG (designed to drive electric generators or water pumps).
• 1938 LVG Large “vee” engine integral-engine compressor. Overhead valve head engine cylinders.
• 1939 PLVG Power version of LVG (designed to drive electric generators or water pumps).
• 1947 JVG Junior “Vee” Gas; integral engine compressor.
• 1947 PJVG Power engine version of JVG (designed to drive electric generators or water pumps).
• 1947 SVG Senior “Vee” Gas; integral-engine compressor.
• 1947 PSVG Power engine version of SVG (designed to drive electric generators or water pumps).
• 1942 KVG Kingsize “Vee” Gas; integral engine-compressor (“single crank” design).
• 1943 PKVG Power version of KVG (single crank design with electrical generator water pump).
• 1952 KVS Pulse-Turbocharged engine; 15.25” X 18” bore X stroke. Integral engine-compressor.
• 1963 PKVS Power engine version of KVS (Only one built).
• 1959 KVT 16” X 22” turbocharged engine operating on the Miller Cycle. Integral engine-compressor.
• 1961 PKVT Power engine version of KVT.
• 1961 KVH 16” X 22” pulse-turbocharged engine; Otto Cycle valve timing. Integral engine-compressor.
• 1962 TVS 10.75” X 13” pulse-turbocharged engine integral engine-compressor similar to KVS.
• 1967 TVR Uprated version of the TVS engine-compressor with 11.5” power cylinders.
• 1968 KVR 17” X 22” Turbocharged Miller-Cycle engine. Higher BMEP than the KVT.
• 1968 KVGR Uprated version of the KVG engine-compressor. 16.25” power cylinder bore.
• 1968 PKVGR Power engine version of the KVGR
• 1968 KVSR Uprated version of the KVS engine-compressor. 16.25” power cylinder bore.
• 1986 PKVSE Power version of KVSE. Three built for water pump drive.
• 1969 PKVSR Power version of KVSR
• 1986 KVSE 16.25” X 18” Turbocharged Miller-Cycle engine integral engine-compressor.
• 1987 KVSF 15.25” X 18” Turbocharged Miller-Cycle engine. Revamp of a KVS engine-compressor.
• 1971 SVS Uprated version of the TVR engine-compressor operating at higher RPM.

TMS
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July 9, 2018
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Mid-1930’s Ingersoll-Rand XG Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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Ingersoll-Rand XVG Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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Ingersoll-Rand’s First Production KVS Gas Engine-Compressor

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Ingersoll-Rand/D-R 616KVR Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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Ingersoll-Rand/D-R 16PKVSE Gas Engine Pump Driver

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 Clark Engines and Engine-Compressors
• 1920’s Horizontal Integral Engine-Compressors and Power Engines
• 1935 RA - Right, Angle (Clark brothers’ first integral compressor using the right angle configuration)
• 1938 RAS - Right, Angle, Supercharged (50 units built)
• 1942 BA - Big, Angle (Similar to RA with larger bore and stroke)
• 1945 MA - Midget, Angle
• 1949 HRA - High compression ratio, Right, Angle; together with the RA, approximately 5,000 units were built)
• 1949 HBA - High compression ratio, Big, Angle
1950 HSRA - High compression ratio, Supercharged, Right, Angle (15 units built)
• 1950 HLA - High compression ratio, Long, Angle (longer stroke)
• 1951 HMA - (same as MA with larger bore and stroke)
• 1953 TRA - Turbocharged, Right, Angle (50 units built)
1953 TLA - Turbocharged, Long, Angle (550 units built)
• 1955 HMB - (same as HMA with larger bore and stroke)
• 1956 HBA-T - High compression ratio, Big, Angle, Turbocharged
• 1956 HLA-T - High compression ratio, Long, Angle, Turbocharged
• 1958 TPV - Turbocharged, Power unit, “V” configuration (3 units built)
• 1958 TCV - Turbocharged, Compressor, “V” configuration (250 units built)
• 1958 HRA-T - High compression ratio, Right, Angle, Turbocharged
• 1959 RA-T - Right, Angle, Turbocharged
• 1960 TVM - Turbocharged, “V” configuration, with longer stroke of TMB
• 1962 TMB - Turbocharged, HMB
• 1965 TCVA - (Same as TCV with larger bore, 17-3/4", 20 units built)
• 1965 TCVB - (Same as TCV with secondary balancers, 10 units built)
• 1966 TLAB - (Same as TLA with secondary balancers, 20 units built)
• 1967 TLAC - (Same as TLA with compressor cylinders on both sides of engine, 8 units built)
• 1967 TCVC - (Same as TCV with larger bore, 18-1/2", 20 units built)
• 1968 TCVD - (Same as TCVA with higher RPM, 30 units built)
• 1969 VRA - (New design, similar to RA-type engine in “V” configuration, also known as the “Bobcat”, 15 units built)
• 1971 HMC - (Same as HMB with larger bore and stroke, 15 units built)
• 1971 TLAD - (Redesigned TLA for increased power, 20 units built)

Confidential © Siemens AG 2017 This slide came from the

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Clark Brothers’ Horizontal Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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Clark Brothers’ RA Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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Clark HRA6 Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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D-R TLAD Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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D-R TCV Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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 Worthington Engines and Engine-Compressors
• 1900 Horizontal Integral engine-compressors and power engines built to drive electric generators.
• 1927 LFC- Worthington’s first integral engine compressor built with vertical power cylinders; 4-stroke cycle engine.
• 1920’s A-series Gas and Diesel power engines, 4-stroke-cycle, naturally aspirated.
• 1920’s B -series Gas and Diesel power engines, 4-stroke cycle, naturally aspirated.
• 1920’s C -series Gas and Diesel power engines, 4-stroke cycle, naturally aspirated.
• 1920’s D -series Gas and Diesel power engines, 4-stroke cycle, naturally aspirated.
• 1920’s E -series Gas and Diesel power engines, 4 stroke cycle, naturally aspirated.
• 1940’s EH Uprated EE engine.
• 1940’s SCC Supercharged (turbocharged) “CC” engine, built in gas, Diesel and “dual-fuel” configurations.
• 1940’s SDD Supercharged (turbocharged) “DD” engine, built in gas, Diesel and dual-fuel configurations.
• 1940’s SEH Supercharged (turbocharged) “EH” engine, built in gas, Diesel and dual-fuel configurations.
• 1950’s SLHC Turbocharged 4-stroke cycle gas engine, integral engine-compressor.
• 1950’s SLHP Power engine version of the SLHC.
• 1950’s SW -series Turbocharged, 4-stroke cycle “vee” engine built in gas, Diesel and dual-fuel configurations.
• 1950’s SWA Increased cylinder bore size from the SW-series engines. Increased power output.
• 1950’s SWB Increased speed from the SWA engines. Increased power output.
• 1960’s SWC Increased bore size and power output from the SWB engines; built only in Diesel and dual fuel configurations (no spark-ignition configuration).
• 1930’s LTC - Loop-scavenged, 2-stroke cycle integral engine-compressor.
• 1930’s LTCH High-output version of the LTC engine-compressor.
• 1940’s UTC - Uniflow-scavenged, 2-stroke cycle integral engine-compressor.
• 1956 SUTC - Turbocharged uniflow-scavenged, 2-stroke cycle engine; integral engine-compressor.
• 1969 ML - “Mainliner” turbocharged, uniflow-scavenged 2-stroke cycle 16” X 16”engine; integral engine-compressor.
• 1964 MLV - “Mainliner “vee”, turbocharged, uniflow-scavenged 2-stroke cycle 16” X 18” engine; integral engine-compressor.
• 1960’s MLV “Mainliner ‘vee” turbocharged, uniflow-scavenged 2-stroke cycle 17” X 19” engine; integral engine-compressor.

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Worthington Horizontal Gas Engine-Compressor Installation

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Worthington LFC Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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Worthington SEHG Gas Engine Driving a 2-Throw BDC Compressor

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Worthington SW Engine Driving an Electric Generator

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Worthington MLV Integral Gas Engine-Compressor

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 Turbocharger – Provides Increased Power Density

Blower Side Turbine Side

Air at atmospheric pressure
is inducted Into the blower Hot exhaust gasses
and pressurized to above from the engine’s
atmospheric pressure. This
air is routed to the engine’s
cylinders drive the
cylinders and, along with the turbine wheel that is
correct mass of fuel, directly coupled to
increases the charge density the blower wheel.
within the engine’s
cylinders, resulting in a
corresponding increase in
power compared to an
otherwise similar non-
turbocharged engine.

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 Exhaust Emissions Reduction and
Pre-Combustion Chamber Ignition
Ingersoll-Rand heritage pre-
combustion chamber installed in
a KVR cylinder head.
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Regulated Exhaust Emissions:
Nitrogen Oxides, abbreviated as NOx,
Carbon Monoxide, CO, and Non-Methane Hydrocarbons, N-MHC.
Hazardous Air Pollutants, “HAPs”, including CH2O, are regulated in some
regions.
Since the 1970’s, NOx reduction has been the primary concern for
stationary spark ignition gas engines.
In turbocharged engines we utilize excess air as a diluent to reduce the
formation of NOx in the cylinder, during combustion. The turbocharger
must be configured to deliver excess air to the engine. The pre-
combustion chamber provides the high ignition energy needed to ignite the
diluted air/fuel charge.
In naturally aspirated engines, a three-way catalytic converter is utilized to
decrease NOx and CO emissions.
Heritage engines can be retrofitted with the appropriate exhaust emissions
reduction equipment.
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 Miller-Cycle Pressure-Volume Trace

The Miller Cycle is a variation

of the four-stroke-cycle in
which the expansion ratio is
greater than the compression
ratio.
Four-Stroke Cycle Events
In the Otto Cycle, the --- Intake
compression and expansion
ratios are equal. --- Compression
--- Power (Expansion)
The Miller Cycle is credited
with reduced fuel
--- Exhaust
consumption for a given fuel /
air mass, compared to an
otherwise similar Otto Cycle
engine.

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The End - Are there any questions?
Thank you for your interest !
The Dresser-Rand Family of Engines Includes Some Unique Designs.

Clark Brothers’ Radial Gas Engine-Compressor – 1930’s

Ingersoll-Rand Rotary Engine Driving a Separable Compressor -
1976
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Page 31 07/16/2018 Presentation compiled by T.M. Sine July 16, 2018 PS DO