Temperature

Controlling Circuit

Rishit Somayaji (108121102)

Sanjit PK (108121112)
Tanmay Sahu (108121128)
Abstract
• The objective of this project is to create a
temperature-controlled fan system using a
breadboard, LM35 temperature sensor, LM385
temperature sensor, 10k ohm potentiometer, 5-
volt relay, fan, and a power supply. The fan will
automatically turn on when the room temperature
rises above a certain threshold, effectively
regulating the temperature in a room. The circuit
design will involve connecting the temperature
sensors, potentiometer, and relay in a specific
configuration to achieve the desired functionality.
This project is necessary for maintaining a
comfortable temperature in a room, reducing
energy consumption, and enhancing overall
comfort and convenience.
Necessity
1. Energy Saving:
Using a temperature-controlled fan system will only operate when the room
temperature rises above the set threshold, saving energy and reducing
electricity consumption.
2. Comfort and Convenience:
The project provides a convenient way to maintain a comfortable
temperature in a room without manual intervention. As the room temperature
increases, the fan will automatically turn on, helping to regulate the
temperature and provide a more comfortable environment.
3. Cost-effective:
Compared to other temperature control systems, such as air conditioners or
heaters, this project is relatively inexpensive and can be easily implemented
using basic electronic components and a simple circuit design.
4. Environmental Benefits:
By using a temperature-controlled fan system, the project can
contribute to reducing the carbon footprint by optimizing energy usage
and promoting energy efficiency, which is beneficial for the
environment.
Circuit Design Steps
1. Gather all the components required for the circuit,
including the breadboard, LM35 temperature sensor,
LM385 temperature sensor, 10k ohm potentiometer, 5-
volt relay, fan, and power supply.
2. Connect the LM35 temperature sensor to the breadboard,
ensuring proper pin placement. The LM35 sensor
typically has three pins: Vcc (power supply), GND
(ground), and Vout (output).
3. Connect the LM385 temperature sensor to the
breadboard in a similar manner, making sure to connect
the appropriate pins to Vcc, GND, and Vout.
4. Connect the potentiometer to the breadboard, adjusting
the resistance to 10k ohms.
5. Connect the relay to the breadboard, connecting the
appropriate pins to Vcc, Gnd, and the control pin.
6. Connect the fan to the relay, ensuring proper wiring
for the power supply and ground connections.
7. Connect the power supply to the breadboard,
providing a 5-volt DC source.
8. Use jumper wires to connect the LM35 and LM385
sensors to the potentiometer and relay, based on the
desired temperature threshold for the fan to turn on.
9. Test the circuit by monitoring the temperature using
the LM35 and LM385 sensors and verifying that the fan
turns on when the room temperature rises above the set
threshold.
10. Adjust the potentiometer to set the temperature
threshold at which the fan should turn on.
Components
Required
i)Breadboard
ii)LM35 heat sensor
iii)LM358 IC
iv)5 V Relay
v)10k Potentiometer
vi)12V DC Fan (load)
vii)2 – 9 V Batteries
viii)Connecting wires

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Circuit Diagram
Working
5V delay:
• is an electronic component that is capable of turning high-
power electrical circuits on and off using a low-power signal.
The module consists of three parts: a coil, a set of contacts,
and a switch mechanism.

• Applying a low-power signal to the coil creates a magnetic

field that closes the contacts, allowing a larger electrical
current to flow through the module, which can be used to
control the operation of another electrical device. This
module is commonly used in applications where a low-
power electronic device needs to control a high-power
electrical circuit, such as a motor, lamp, or solenoid valve.

• The relay module ensures that the low-power control signal

is safely isolated from the high-power circuit, preventing
damage to the control device.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

• The Temperature Controlled circuit is based on an LM358 Op
Amp, which functions as a Comparator. The Op Amp compares
the voltage levels at Pins 2 and 3 and generates an appropriate
output based on the comparison.

• In this circuit, the LM35 Temperature Sensor is connected to

the non-inverting input (Pin 3) of the Op Amp, while a
Potentiometer is connected to the inverting input (Pin 2) as a
voltage divider. Initially, the inverting input is higher than the
non-inverting input, resulting in a LOW output from the Op
Amp, which keeps the relay turned OFF.

• As the temperature increases, the output voltage of the LM35

also increases, with a rate of 10mV/0C. If the temperature
reaches a certain threshold, the voltage at the non-inverting
input becomes higher than the voltage at the inverting input,
causing the output of the Op Amp to become HIGH. This can
be used to control other devices or circuits based on the
temperature level.
 Applications

HVAC SYSTEMS POWER WATER TANKS FREEZERS BATTERY INDUSTRIAL

SUPPLIES MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS
SYSTEMS LIKE BOILERS,
STEAMERS,
CHILLERS 
THANK YOU