PROJECT PRESENTATION

ON
DESIGN OF MONO ETHYLENE GLYCOL PLANT

SUPERVISOR- Group No.: 14

DR. RAJESH KATIYAR ANAMIKA 190103009
DEPTT. OF CHEMICAL ASHNA SINGH 190103018
ENGINEERING, HBTU KANPUR
NITIN KUMAR 190103039
SAKSHI SINGH 190103047
HARSHIT SINGH 170103020
PROBLEM STATEMENT

To design a mono ethylene Glycol plant of

capacity 80,000 Tonnes per year from first
principle approach including material balance and
energy balance per equipment as well as for the
whole plant, cost analysis along with designing
and safety analysis. The project includes the
design details for the process, an economic
analysis, and recommendations and predictions for
the extent of its success.
 INTRODUCTION-
 A glycol is an alcohol with two hydroxyl groups on adjacent
carbon atoms.
 Ethylene Glycol was first developed in 1859 by a French chemist
—Charles-Adolphe Wurtz—via saponification of ethylene glycol
diacetate with potassium hydroxide.
 It is the simplest member of the glycol family of organic
compounds, with the IUPAC name: ethane-1,2-diol and chemical
formula (CH2OH)2.
 The global production and consumption of ethylene glycol
were about 30.2 million metric tons in 2021 with an
estimated increase of 40.6 million metric tonnes by 2029.
 EG underpins almost every aspect of everyday life,
particularly associated with energy, chemicals, automotive,
textiles, transportation, and manufacturing technologies.
Structure of Ethylene Glycol
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

 Colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid,  Dehydration With Zinc chloride, it gives

sweet in taste. Acetaldehyde

 Molecular formula C2H6O2

 Oxidation oxidized to form a number of
 Molecular weight 62 aldehydes and carboxylic acids
 Specific gravity at 20/20 oC 1.1135
 Reaction with to form monoalkoxide and
 Boiling point C at 101.3 KPa
o
197.60 Sodium dialkoxide
 Freezing point oC -13  With polybasic Polybasic acids with the
acids glycols to form polyesters
 Viscosity at 20oC; mPa S 19.83
 With To form responding dihalide
Heat of vaporization at 101.3 KPa; 52.24 Phosphorus
KJ/mol Trihalide

Heat of combustion (25 oC) MJ/mol 19.07

 APPLICATIONS/USES OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL :-

 Major use of ethylene glycol is as antifreeze for internal combustion

engines.
 Ethylene glycol dinitrate, which is an explosive itself, is mixed with
dynamite to depress its freezing point and make it safer to handle in cold
weather.
 Polyester-fiberglass laminates are used in the manufacture of furniture,
automobile bodies, boat hulls, suitcases and aircraft parts.
 Ethylene glycol is used in hydraulic, brake and shock absorber fluids to
help dissolve inhibitors, prevent swelling of rubber, and inhibit foam
formation.
 Medium for suspending conductive salt in electrolytic capacitors

20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 5

 Click icon to add picture

ECONOMIC ASPECTS:
 Ethylene glycol is one of the major
products of the chemical industry.
 Its economic importance is founded on its
two major commercial uses as antifreeze
and for fibre production.
 About 50% of the ethylene glycol that is
used as antifreeze. Another 40% is used
in fibre industry.
 LEADING PRODUCERS LEADING PRODUCERS
IN WORLD: IN INDIA:
MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF MEG:
BASF, Geismer, La. India Glycol, Uttaranchal
(America). (North India).

DOW, Plaquemine, La . Reliance Industries Ltd.

(America) Hazira (Gujarat).

OXYPETROCHEMICALS, Indian Petrochemical

Bayport, Tex .(America) Corporation Ltd, Baroda
(Gujarat).

SHELL, Geismer,La. SM Dye chem. Pune.

(America)

TEXACO ,Port Neches, NOCIL, Thane.

Tex.(America)
Literature Survey
​
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AND
ECOLOGY:
Ethylene glycol is readily
biodegradable in standard tests
using sewage sludge. The high
LC50 value of over 10000
mg/lit account for its low water
toxicity. Degradation occurs
in both adapted and
unadapted sludge.
20XX
PRODUCT SAFETY:
When considering the use of
ethylene glycol in any
particular application, review
and understand our current
Material Safety Data Sheet
for the necessary safety and
environmental health
information. Before handling
any products, one should
know safety information.
PRESENTATION TITLE
STORAGE AND
TRANSPORTATION:
Since ethylene glycol also has a
low vapor pressure and is non
caustic. It can be handled
without any problems: it is
transported in railroad tank
cars, tank trucks, and tank
ships. Tanks are usually made
of steel Nitrogen blanketing can
protect ethylene glycol against
oxidation.
8
 Using Potassium Permanganate- The most convenient method of
Laboratory preparing a glycol in the laboratory is to react an alkene with cold dilute
Method
potassium permanganate, KMnO4

By Hydrolysis Of Ethylene Bromide- The hydrolysis of ethylene

Laboratory bromide is done by boiling under reflux with aqueous sodium
Method
carbonate solution

MANUFACTURING Hydrolysis of Ethylene-Ethylene glycol is produced from ethylene

PROCESSES Industrial
Method
(ethene), via the intermediate ethylene oxide. Ethylene oxide reacts
with water to produce ethylene glycol

Ethylene Carbonate Process- In this method, ethylene oxide is

converted to an intermediate, ethylene carbonate, by reaction with
Industrial carbon dioxide, which is then hydrolysed by water to give ethylene
Method
glycol.

Halcon Acetoxylatin Process- ethylene glycol diacetate was obtained

Industrial by the oxidation of ethylene in an acetic acid solution, catalysed by
Method
tellurium and a bromine compound
MATERIAL BALANCE-
Material balances are the basis of process design. A material balance taken over complete process will determine the quantities
of raw materials required and products produced. Balances over Individual process until set the process stream flows and
compositions. The general conservation equation for any process can be written as

Material out = Material in + Accumulation

For a steady state process, the accumulation term is zero. If a chemical reaction is taking place a particular chemical
species may be formed or consumed. But if there is no chemical reaction, the steady state balance reduces to:

Material out = Material in

A balance equation can be written for each separately identifiable species present, elements, compounds and for total
material.
BASIS-
• Number of working days = 340
• Working Hours per day for a continuous process = 24hrs.
• Plant capacity= 80000TPA
 REACTOR-
REACTIONS-
EO + WATER ------------------ MEG
T = 195°C
P = 1.5MPa 161.7949 161.7949 161.7949
90% conversion EO + MEG ------------------ HG
Selectivity=0.85 1.8349 1.8349 1.8349

MEG produced from reactor = 159.96 kmol/hr

HG = 159.96/85= 1.8349 kmol/hr = 194.4994 kg/hr
MEG produced from reaction (1),
159.96+1.8349=161.7949 kmol/hr
EO: water = 1:12
Moles of EO reacted in reaction (1)= 161.7949 kmol/hr Water fed = 2181.730 kmol/hr = 39271.152 kg/hr
Moles of EO reacted in reaction (2)= 1.8349 kmol/hr Water reacted from reaction (1) = 161.7949 kmol/h
Water unreacted = 2019.9351 kmol/hr=36358.8318 kg/hr
Total EO reacted=163.6298 kmol/hr
Conversion=0.9
FE0 – FE = 163.6298
FE = FEO(1-XA)
 EVAPORATOR(TRIPLE EFFECT)
H2O=8726.12 KG/HR
MEG=31 KG/HR

MEG=9886.52 Total 3kmol/hr MEG is removed at top

MEG=9917.52 from evaporator,
KG/HR
KG/HR Total water & MEG removed = 1719.98
H20= 27632.712
H20= 36358.8318 kmol/hr
KG/HR
KG/HR Overall Mass Balance-
F=Y+L
H2O=9947.78 KG/HR 2181.7759=1719.98 +L
MEG=62 KG/HR
L= 461.7959 kmol/hr

MEG=9824.52
MEG=9886.52
KG/HR
KG/HR
H20= 17684.9357
H20= 27632.712
KG/HR
KG/HR
H2O=12231 KG/HR
MEG=93 KG/HR

MEG=9824.52 MEG=9731.52
KG/HR KG/HR
H20= 17684.9357 H20= 5453.95
KG/HR KG/HR
DRYER- Overall mass balance=
Water removal by dryer is 100%, F=Y+X
Water removed=5453.5 kg/hr 461.7959=303.99+X
MEG from top= 1 kmol/hr X=157.8059 kmol/hr
Total MEG & water removed= 303.99 kmol/hr Amount of feed to MEG recovery
Y=303.99 kmol/hr
column=
H2O=302.99 KMOL/HR 2023.981kmol/hr
MEG= 1 KMOL/HR

F=461.7959 KMOL/HR X=157.8059

Dryer
MEG=156.96 KMOL/HR KMOL/HR
H2O= 302.99 KMOL/HR Removes 100% water MEG=155.96
KMOL/HR
HG=1.8394 KMOL/HR T= 87⁰C HG=1.8394
KMOL/HR
99% recovery of MEG at top, Refining Column
D=154.55
KMOL/HR
MEG=154.40
KMOL/HR
F=157.7949 HG=0.1545
KMOL/HR KMOL/HR
MEG=155.96 P=10 mm Hg
KMOL/HR T= 93.2 ⁰C
HG=1.8349
KMOL/HR
zf= 0.98837

Formula used:- W=3.2449

Overall mass balance- KMOL/HR
F=D+W MEG=1.563
Component mass balance=
F*zf=Dxd+Wxw
KMOL/HR
HG=1.681
KMOL/HR
 Recovery column (MEG) D=2018.24
93% recovery of MEG at top, KMOL/HR
99.9% water in feed is obtained at top Water=2017.96
of the distillate kmol/hr(0.99 )
MEG=0.28
KMOL/HR
F=2023.81 0.
KMOL/HR
Water=2019.981 P=760 mm Hg
kmol/hr T= 194 ⁰C
MEG=4
KMOL/HR

Formula used:-
W= 5.57
Overall mass balance- KMOL/HR
F=D+W Water= 36.3781
Component mass balance= kmol/hr
F*zf=Dxd+Wxw
MEG=3.72
KMOL/HR
ENERGY BALANCE-
The first law of thermodynamics demands that energy be neither
created nor destroyed. The following is a systematic energy
balance performed for each unit of the process. The datum
temperature for calculation is taken as 0 C. The different
properties like specific heat, heat of reaction, heat of
vaporization, etc. are taken to be constant over the temperature REACTOR
range. Water = MEG =159.96
Temp. = 195
2181.730
Conversion = 90% HG=1.8349
In the reactor following reaction takes place- EO = 181.810
Pressure = 1.5 MPa

 C2H4O + H2O OHCH2CH2OH

 C2H4O + OHCH2CH2OH OHCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH

17
CALCULATIONS-

Let’s take reference temperature=25 COMPONE (kJ/kmol)

Enthalpy of formation of reaction NT At temp. 298 K
------ For first reaction->
=-15000 KJ/Kmol of EO reacted Ethylene
-----For the second reaction – -129000
=-71000 KJ /Kmol of EO Reacted oxide
--------For the third reaction -> Water -242000
=-25000 KJ/Kmol of EO reacted
Total heat of reaction = -5097300 KJ Mono

ENERGY AT OUTPUT-Mass of mixture leaving the reactor

Ethylene -386000
=108460.864 + 10893.3 + 1792.84 + 128.06 = 121275.064 Kg/hr
Glycol

Q= MCp
=121275.064 * 4.2 * (468-298)
=86590395.7 KJ/Hr

1
 REFERENCES:
• Rao, G.M. & Sittig, M. “DRYDEN’S Outlines of Chemical Technology”, Affiliated East-West Press
Private Limited, New Delhi.
• Smith, J.M. & Van Ness, H.C.,”Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics”,
International Editions, Chemical Engineering Series, New York 6th edition, McGraw-Hill.
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene_Glycol
• https://www.icis.com/explore/resources/news/2008/08/18/9148176/shell-s-omega-meg-process-kicks-
off-in-south-korea/
• Ethylene glycol: properties, synthesis, and applications, Hairong Yue, Yujun Zhao, Xinbin Ma and
Jinlong Gong* Chem. Soc. Rev., 2012, 41, 4218–424
• Dye, R.F. Ethylene glycols technology. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 18, 571–579 (2001).
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02706370
• https://www.chemengonline.com/ethylene-glycol-production/?printmode=1
• https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/ci/products/ethylene-glycols-chemical-
economics-handbook.html
Plan of action:
• IPC
• Plant Utility
• Plant location and layout
• Safety and pollution control
• Cost Estimation
Thank you