GUARD FORCES AND GUARD SYSTEM

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 5487

▫ an act governing the organization and
management of private security
agencies, company guard forces and
government security forces. This
private security agency law signed on
June 13, 1969.
LICENSE
• No person shall engage in the business of or act as a private
detective agency or engage or engage in the occupation,
calling or employment of security personnel or in the
business of private security/training agency without first
securing the permit from the Chief, PNP which permit as
approved is prerequisite in obtaining a license certificate.

• New applicants for license to operate shall be

required to obtain:
▫ 1 million as a minimum capital
▫ 500 thousand as a minimum bank deposit
-Purpose: Serves as insurance for clients and security
personnel
•Membership
a. Private Security Agency – minimum of 200
licensed personnel
b. Company Guard Force/ Private Detective
Agency- minimum of 30 licensed personnel
c. Maximum number of personnel to all kind
of agencies is 1000 personnel.
• SECURITY GUARD DEFINED- Sometimes
called Private Security Guard or watchman
shall include any person who offers or renders
personal service to watch or secure either a
residence or business establishment or both for
hire or compensation, and with a license to
exercise profession.
• SECURITY GUARD FORCE- is a group of force
selected men, trained or grouped into functional
unit for the purpose of protecting operational
processes from those disruption which would
impede efficiency or halt operation at a particular
plant, facility, installation or special activity.
Types of Security Guard Forces
• 1.Private Security Agency- any person,
association, partnership, firm or private
corporation who contracts, recruits, trains,
furnishes or post any security guard, to do its
functions or solicit individuals, business firms,
or private , public or government- owned or
controlled corporations to engage his/its service
or those of his/its security guards, for hire
commission or compensation.
•2. Company Security Force- a security force
maintained and operated by any private company/
corporation for its own security requirements only.

• 3.Government Security Unit- a security unit

maintained and operated by any government entity
other than military and a police, which is established
and maintained for the purpose of securing the
office or compound and/or extension of such
government entity.
SELECTION OF GUARDS
•General Requisites In The Security
Profession
1. Filipino Citizen
2. Physically and mentally fit
3. Good moral character
4. Must not posses any disqualification
• General Disqualification
a. Dishonorably discharge from the service in the PNP/AFP or any
private government entities.
b. Physically or mentally unfit
c. Conviction of a crime
d. Addicted to drugs or alcohol dummy of a foreigner
e. Elective or appointive government official
• Basic Qualification s of an Agency
Operator/Manager
1. At least 25 years of age
2. Commissioned Officer, Inactive or retired from
AFP or PNP or a graduate of Industrial Security
Management with adequate training and
experience in the security business.
• Basic Qualification of a Security Consultant
1. Holder of Master Degree of Criminology, MPA,
MNSA, Industrial Management or LL.B.
2. Must have at least ten (10) years experience in the
operation and management of security business
• Basic Qualification of a Security Officer:
1. At least graduated form security officers training
course
2. A retired personnel in the PNP/AFP
3. Must not posses any of the disqualification

• Basic Qualification of a Private Detective

1. BSCRIMINOLOGY Graduate
2. LL.B. Holder
3. Graduate of a Criminal Investigation Course
4. Advance ROTC Graduate
• Basic Qualification of Security Guard
1. Be at least High School Graduate
2. Be At least 18 years old of age but not more than
50 years old
3. Undergo pre licensing training course
4. Passed a neuropsychiatry examination
5. Be locally cleared with PNP and or NBI
Licensed in the Security Profession
• 1.Licensed to Operate
-Before a Private Security Agency (PSA) it has to
secure a License to Operate (LTO) categorized as
either temporary or regular.
A temporary licensed is issued by the PNP thru Civil
Security Group Directorate after the applicant/license
should have complied with all the requirements while
it has less than 200 guards.
A regular License to Operate is issued to the PSA
once it is qualified of having 200 or more than
licensed security guards in its employ duly posted.
Regular Licensed is renewable every two years.
• 2. Security Guard License
- Before a security guard can practice professional; he
shall posses valid security license. The used of expired
licensed is not allowed. In case of doubt, licensed maybe
verified at the PNP Security Agencies and Guard
Supervision Division (SAGSD) whether valid or fake.
• 3. Firearm’s licensed
-all firearms of the security agency should be covered with
firearms license issued by the PNP through its fire arms
explosive Division under the Civil Security Group (CSG),
renewable every two years. No Duplication of two or
more firearm’s with the same make and serial number
shall be covered by one license.
• Firearms and Weapons Authorized for Used
of the Security Guard while on Duty:
1. Hand Guns/Low-Powered (Cal. 22 & Cal. 38)
not existing one (1) Firearm for every two guards
employed
2. Shotguns (Not bigger than 12 gauges)
3. High-Powered- when the agency is operating in
the areas where there is upsurge of lawlessness and
criminality as determined by the chief PNP.
• 50 Rounds of Ammunition- maximum allowable
stocking of ammo per firearm
• 20 Rounds of Ammunition- maximum ammos
that every guard could carry during their tour of duty
• Guards Uniform:
1. Private Security Agency- navy blue (upper
and lower)
2. Company Security Forces – light blue/light
gray for upper and navy blue for lower
3. Government Security Forces- white for
upper and navy blue for lower.
11 GENERAL ORDER
1. To take charge of this post and all companies
properly in view and protect/preserve the same
with utmost diligence.
2. To walk during tour of duty in military
manner, keeping always in the alert and
observing everything that takes place within
sight or hearing.
3. To report all violations of orders I am
instructed to enforce.
4. To repeat all calls from post more distant from
the guardhouse where I am station.
5. To quit my post only when properly relieved.
6. To receive ,obey and pass out to the relieving guard all
order from company officers or officials, supervisors
post in charge or shift leaders.
7. To talk to no one except in the line of duty.
8. To sound or call the alarm in case of fire or disorder.
9. To call the superior officer in any case not covered by
instructions.
10. To salute all company officials, superiors in the agency,
ranking public officials and commission officers of the
AFP and officers of the PNP.
11. To be especially watchful at night and during the time
of challenging to challenge all persons on or near my
post and to allow no one to pass or loiter without
proper authority.
PERSONNEL SECURITY
Personnel Security Investigation- a process of inquiry
into the character, reputation, discretion, integrity,
morals and loyalty of an individual to determine the
suitability for appointment or access to classified matter.
General Technique of PSI
1. Background Investigation (BI)- this technique is
very expensive but necessary in personnel security. It
serve to verify information on the application form and
to obtain other information pertinent to the decision to
employ.
2. Positive Vetting- is the process of inspecting or
examining with careful thoroughness. The essence of
vetting that it is a personal interview conducted under
stress. It is based on information previously given by
the applicant. Other information issued during the
interview, such as those discovered in the BI, which
confirms or denies this given by the applicant.
3. Profiling- is the process whereby a subject’s reaction
in a future critical situation is predicted by observing
his behavior, or by interviewing him, or analyzing his
responses to a questionnaire, such as an honesty test.
The Reid Report is an example of honesty test.
4. Deception Detection Techniques- this a process of
using devices in detecting deception during the
interview stage. This includes the use of a Polygraph,
Psychological Stress Evaluator and Voice Analyzer.
5. Financial and Lifestyle Inquiry- this type of
investigation seeks to gather information on income
and mode of living, sometimes referred to as the
earning-to-debt-ratio.
6. Undercover Investigation- this is the placement of
an agent in a role in which the agent’s true identity and
role in remains unknown, in order to obtain
information for criminal prosecution or for recovery or
limitation of asset losses.
7. Exit Interview- this is a valuable tool because it
gives departing employees an opportunity to list
grievances.
SECURITY EDUCATION
-conducted to develop security awareness among
employees of the company. It should cover all
employees, regardless of rank or position.
Phases of Security Education Program
1. Initial Interview- it is the first contract of the
prospective employee wherein the interviewer determine
the suitability of the applicant for employment through his
give answers on the different type of questions being
conducted.
2. Orientation and Training- it is in this stage where new
employees receive detailed presentation of personnel
security policy.
3. Refresher conference- it is design to remind employees
of the company about their responsibilities, review the
guidelines and policies, introduction of new policies and
regulations and a moment of getting employee feedback
about the company policies that is being implemented.
4. Security reminders- a phase which employs an
indirect approach of educating the employees such as
posting security posters and distributing fliers.
5. Security promotion- it is the act of emphasizing the
importance and role of security achieving the
company goals and objectives. It involves securing
employee cooperation and support.