Father God

Be with us today
Fill our hearts with joy
Fill our minds with learning
Fill our classroom with peace
Fill our lessons with fun
Fill our friendships with kindness
Fill our self with love
Amen.
You will find the Greatest Common Factor using the following methods: Listing, Prime
factorization, and Continuous division.

❖ define greatest common factor (GCF) and least common factor (LCM);

❖ find the GCF and LCM of two given numbers.

❖ perform the following methods: listing, prime factorization and

continuous division.
 Before going further, let us try to recall about factors and multiples of a
given numbers. The numbers that we multiply are the factors of the
product. Multiple is a number that can be divided by another number
without a remainder.

A. List the factors of: B. Write the first 3 multiples of:

1. 12 - 1,2 3,4,6,12
_____________________ 4, 6, 8
1. 2- __________________

1,2,3,4,6,9,12,18,36 8,12, 16,

2. 36 - ______________________ 2. 4 - _________________

1,3, 5, 9, 15, 45 10, 15, 20

3. 45- _______________________ 3. 5 - ___________________
 A common use of finding the Greatest Common Factor is to simplify a fraction by dividing
both the numerator and denominator by the GCF of both while finding Least Common
Multiple of a number will be a big help for you when you add or subtract fractions with
different denominators.

Let us learn first the Common Factors and Greatest Common Factors. We can use the Listing
Method, Prime Factorization and Continuous Division. Find out more in the discussion below.

Mitch and Mike are twins. Today is their birthday. Mitch has brought 24 pieces
of banana to share in class and Mike has brought 18 chicos. If they want to
share their fruits with their friends in such a way that all their friends have the
same amount of each type of fruit and they give out as much fruit as possible,
What is the greatest groups of fruit can they make?

What is asked in the problem?

GCF (Greatest Common Factor)
To solve the problem list all the factors of 18 and 24.
➢ Listing Method

18 – 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18

24 - 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24

Common factors: 1, 2, 3, 6

GCF = 6
So, Mitch and Mike can make 6 groups of fruit with the same amount of each type.
 Let’s find out the two other ways on how to find the GCF of the number.
➢ Prime Factorization Method using Factor Tree

18 24

2 x 9 2 x 12

3x3 2 x6

18 – 2 x 3 x 3 2x3
24 - 2 x 2 x 2 x 3

2x3= 6
GCF of 18 and 24 6
Other example:
➢ Continuous Division

16 20

2
2 8 10
4 5
2x2 =4

The GCF 4
 LCM (Least common multiple)
To find the Common Multiples and Least Common Multiple we can use the Listing Method, Prime
Factorization and Continuous Division. Let’s find out more in the discussion below.
What is a ”Common Multiple”?
Example

During the summer months, one ice cream truck visits Charlie's neighborhood every 3
days and another ice cream truck visits her neighborhood every 5 days. If both trucks
visited today, when is the next time
- The multiples of 3 are: 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24.27.30……

- The multiples of 5 are: 5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,…

Common Multiples are those that are found in both list.

Truck 1 days of visits - 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24.27.30……

Truck 2 days of visits- 5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,.
Notice that 15 and 30 appear in both lists?
So, both ice cream trucks will visit Charlie's neighborhood in 15 days and in 30 days.

➢ What is the "Least Common Multiple"?

Least Common Multiple (LCM) of 3 and 5 is 15.

In the problem above, we have found Least Common Multiples of numbers 3

and 5 by Listing Method.
 Another way of finding LCM is by Prime factorization

Prime Factorization using Factor Tree

- Factor trees are trees which help you find the smallest possible prime number.

Example : Find the LCM of 6 and 15

Continuous Division

Example :

3 1. Divide 6 and 15 by
2 5 2. The answer is 2 and 5..
3. Multiply 2 x 3 x 5 =30

So, the LCM of 6 and 5 is 30

 Practice Exercises
A. List the first several factors of each number. Look for the common factors and find the
GCF.
1, 2, 3, 4, 6,12
1. 12 - ____________ 3. 15 - 1, 3, 5, 15
____________
16 - _____________
1, 2, 4, 8, 16 21- ______________
1, 3, 7, 21
Common factors : ____
1, 2, 4 1, 3
Common factors : ____
4
GCF : ____ 3
GCF : ___
1, 2, 5, 10
2. 10 - __________ 4. 20 - 1,
_________
2, 4, 5, 10, 20
15- _____________
1, 3, 5, 15 24 - 1,
_________
2, 3, 4, 6, 8,12, 24
1, 5
Common factors : ____ 1, 2, 4
Common factors : ____
5
GCF : ___ 4
GCF : ____
 5. 10 - ____________
1, 2, 5, 10 1, 2
Common factors : ____
12 - ____________
1, 2, 3, 4, 6,12 2
GCF : ____
B. List the first several multiples of each number. Look for the common multiples and find the LCM.

6, 9, 12
1. 3 - _____________ 3. 7 - _____________
14, 21, 28, 35, 42
4 - _____________
8, 12 6 - _____________
12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42

LCM : 12 LCM : 42

2. 6 - ____________
12, 18, 24 4. 10 - _________________
20, 30, 40, 50, 60
16, 24
8 - ____________ 12 - _________________
24, 36, 48, 60

LCM : 24 LCM : 60
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