Seeds and Spores

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Seeds and Spores
Seeds start from flowers

Pollen has sperm cells

Bees collect pollen as well
as nectar, and people can
eat pollen collected by
bees

Pollen looks like small yellow dust

Pollen is produced in parts of the
flower called anthers
 Pollination and fertilization
1
Sperm cell and egg cell are haploids
Pollen gets to a pistil – this is pollination

1 set of DNA
2
Sperm Cells 1 set of DNA Then the pollen grain grows a tube
towards the egg cell
Egg Cells
n
tio

3
liza
ti

Finally, the sperm cell from pollen fuses

Fer

with the egg cell in the ovary during

fertilization and forms a zygote
2 sets of DNA

Zygote is a diploid The pollen travels from anther → to pistil

 Dormant seeds
Just like a bear can hibernate, seeds can stay dormant waiting for good weather to start the germination
Germination of seeds

When seeds
sense water,
they germinate
Conifers
Conifers have seeds, but no fruits. They are called gymnosperms –
“naked seed”

Conifers have male and female cones instead of flowers

 Seedless plants produce spores

• Ferns have no flowers and no seeds

Spores are like microscopic/ very small seeds. Spores are haploids
1 set of DNA
The life cycle of plants Seedless plants
Flowering plants

Spore 1 set of DNA

Haploid - Gametophyte
Diploid - Sporophyte
Zygote

2 sets of DNA
Seedless plants have two stages in their life cycle
1. Gametophyte

2. Sporophyte

Just like frogs go through

metamorphosis, and have two
Spores stages – tadpole and frog,

seedless plants have two stages

– gametophyte and sporophyte
 Haploids and Diploids - Summary
1 set of DNA

• Haploids have half of the DNA

• Sperm, egg cells, spores, and all the cells in gametophyte plant are
haploids

• Diploids have the full set of DNA – half from the father, and half from
the mother
• Zygote, and all the cells in the sporophyte plant are diploids

2 sets of DNA
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