Module 1 Nature Scope of HBO Griffin OB12e Ch01 PPT

CHAPTER 1
An Overview of Organizational Behavior
Ricky W. Griffin/Jean M. Phillips/Stanley M. Gully, Organizational Behavior: Managing People and Organizations, Twelfth Edition. © 2017 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May
not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint Mark 9,30-37
Jesus and his disciples left from there and began a journey through Galilee, but he
did not wish anyone to know about it.
He was teaching his disciples and telling them, "The Son of Man is to be handed over
to men and they will kill him, and three days after his death he will rise."
But they did not understand the saying, and they were afraid to question him.
They came to Capernaum and, once inside the house, he began to ask them, "What
were you arguing about on the way?"
But they remained silent. They had been discussing among themselves on the way
who was the greatest.
Then he sat down, called the Twelve, and said to them, "If anyone wishes to be first,
he shall be the last of all and the servant of all."
Taking a child he placed it in their midst, and putting his arms around it he said to
them,
Whoever receives one child such as this in my name, receives me; and whoever
receives me, receives notM.me
Ricky W. Griffin/Jean butM. the
Phillips/Stanley one who
Gully, Organizational sentPeople
Behavior: Managing me."
and Organizations, Twelfth Edition. © 2017 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May
PRAYER
 Lord Jesus, in your victory over sin and death on the cross
and in your resurrection, you give us the assurance of
sharing in the eternal rest of heaven. Transform my heart
with your love that I may freely serve my neighbor for his
good and find joy and refreshment in the celebration of
Sunday as the Lord's Day.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES &
TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
After studying this chapter, students should be able to:
CLO1. Evaluate the basic concepts of organizational

behavior (OB) and appreciate its importance in the organization
TLO1. Categorize the basic functions & essential skills that

comprise the management process & relate them to the
organizational Behavior.
LO: Discuss and apply the different functions & skills that
help develop higher productivity.
Overview ofOverview
Module the Lesson
 This module will enlighten students knowledge why

studying organization behavior. It's backgrounds and
natures, the functions of management and the critical
managerial skills needed in the business operation.
PART 1
Introduction to Organizational
Behavior
CHAPTER 1
An Overview of
Organizational Behavior
Chapter Learning outcomes:
By the end of this course, students can:
1. Define organizational behavior and describe how it impacts both personal
and organizational success.
2. Identify the basic management functions and essential skills that
comprise the management process and relate them to organizational
behavior.
3. Describe the strategic context of organizational behavior and discuss the
relationships between strategy and organizational behavior.
4. Identify and describe contextual perspectives on organizational behavior.
5. Describe the role of organizational behavior in managing for effectiveness
and discuss the role of research in organizational behavior.
6. Summarize the framework around which this book is organized.
What Is Organizational Behavior?
• Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of:

– Human behavior in organizational settings
– The interface between human behavior and the organization
– The organization itself
The Nature of Organizational Behavior
Figure 1.1
The field of organizational behavior
attempts to understand human
behavior in organizational settings, the
organization itself, and the individual
organization interface. As illustrated
here, these areas are highly
interrelated. Thus, although it is
possible to focus on only one of these
areas at a time, a complete
understanding of organizational
behavior requires knowledge of all
three areas.
Why Study OB?
Studying OB can help you:
– Become a better employee
– Become a better manager
– Understand how people behave and why they do what they do
– Help you focus on developing a global mindset
Organizations that successfully implement OB principles have:

– Motivated, engaged employees whose goals align with business
strategy
– Strong leadership and direction
– Better bottom lines
The Managerial Context of Organizational Behavior
Management functions
– Planning
– Organizing
– Leading
– Controlling
Resources used by managers
– Human
– Financial
– Physical
– Information
Basic Managerial Functions
Figure 1.2
Managers engage in the four
basic functions of planning,
organizing, leading, and
controlling. These functions
are applied to human,
financial, physical, and
information resources with
the ultimate purpose of
efficiently and effectively
attaining organizational goals.
Functions of Management
Planning Determining an organization’s desired future position
and the best means of getting there
Organizing Designing jobs, grouping jobs into units, and
establishing patterns of authority between jobs and
units
Leading Getting the organization’s members to work together
toward the organization’s goals
Controlling Monitoring and correcting the actions of the
organization and its members to keep them directed
toward their goals
Critical Managerial Skills
Technical Skills necessary to accomplish specific tasks

skills within the organization
Interpersonal Ability to effectively communicate with,
skills understand, and motivate individuals and group
Conceptual Ability think in the abstract
skills
Diagnostic Ability to understand cause-and-effect
skills relationships and to recognize the optimal
solutions to problems
Human Resource Management
Human Resource Management (HRM)
– The set of organizational activities directed at attracting,
developing, and maintaining an effective workforce
Questions OB helps HR managers answer

1. Which applicants should be hired?
2. Which rewards will be more motivating than others?
Contextual Perspectives on Organizational Behavior—A
History (1 of 2)
Scientific management
– First formal study of OB (1890s), abandoned after WWI
– Based on the belief that productivity is maximized when
organizations are rationalized with precise sets of instructions
based on time-and-motion studies.
– Maximized productivity but led to monotonous, dehumanizing
conditions
– Guiding principles
 Replace rule-of-thumb work methods with methods based on
scientifically studying the tasks using time-and-motion studies.
 Scientifically select, train, and develop all workers rather than
leaving them to passively train themselves.
Contextual Perspectives of Organizational Behavior—A
History (2 of 2)
 Managers provide detailed instructions and supervision

to workers to ensure that they are following the
scientifically developed methods.
 Divide work nearly equally between workers and

managers. Managers should apply scientific
management principles to planning the work, and
workers should actually perform the tasks.
Four Principles of Scientific Management
 Replace working by "rule of thumb," or simple habit and common sense, and
instead use the scientific method to study work and determine the most
efficient way to perform specific tasks.
 Rather than simply assign workers to just any job, match workers to their jobs
based on capability and motivation, and train them to work at maximum
efficiency.
 Monitor worker performance, and provide instructions and supervision to
ensure that they're using the most efficient ways of working.
Allocate the work between managers and workers so that the managers spend
their time planning and training, allowing the workers to perform their tasks
efficiently.
History of Organizational Behavior
Human relations movement
– Inspired by the Hawthorne effect:
 When people improve some aspect of their behavior or
performance simply because they are being assessed
– Treated workers’ orientations, values, and feelings as
important parts of organizational dynamics and
performance
– Created a new era of more humane, employee-centered
management and highlighted the importance of people to
organizational success
The Systems Approach to Organizations
Figure 1.3
The systems approach to organizations provides a useful framework for
understanding how the elements of an organization interact among
themselves and with their environment. Various inputs are transformed into
different outputs, with important feedback from the environment. If
managers do not understand these interrelations, they may tend to ignore
their environment or overlook important interrelationships within their
organizations.
Managing for Effectiveness
Managers’ goals
– Enhance behaviors and attitudes
– Promote citizenship
– Minimize dysfunctional behaviors
– Drive strategic execution
Individual behaviors
– Productivity
 Narrow measure of efficiency: number of products or services
created per unit of input
– Performance
 Broader concept made up of all work-related behaviors
– Commitment
 The degree to which an employee considers himself or herself a
true member of the organization, overlooks minor sources of
dissatisfaction, and intends to stay with the organization
Organizational citizenship
– Behavior of individuals that makes a positive overall contribution to
the organization
Examples
 Willingness to train new hires
 Works late/overtime
 Good attendance
 Represents the organization well
 Personal values consistent with the organization
Dysfunctional behaviors
– Behaviors that detract from, rather than contribute to, organizational
performance
– Examples
 Absenteeism
 Turnover
 Theft, sabotage
 Sexual and Racial Harassment
 Politicized behavior (spreading rumors, etc.)
 Incivility, rudeness
 Bullying and Workplace violence
Quality of information: How do we know what we know?
– “Common” sense and intuition and are often wrong—examples
where one thing doesn’t necessarily lead to the other
 Goals, confidence and performance

 Satisfaction and productivity
 Cohesion and performance
 Rewards and motivation
The Scientific Method
Figure 1.5
The scientific method is a
useful approach to learning
more about organizational
behavior. Using theory to
develop hypotheses and
then collecting and studying
relevant data can help
generate new knowledge.
The scientific method
– A theory is a collection of verbal and symbolic assertions that
specify how and why variables are related, and the conditions under
which they should and should not relate.
– A hypothesis is a written prediction specifying expected
relationships between certain variables.
– The independent variable is the variable that is predicted to
affect something else.
– The dependent variable is variable predicted to be affected by
something else.
 Example: In a hypothetical case, setting a specific, difficult,
achievable goal is the independent variable, and the number of
products assembled is our dependent variable.
Organizational Behavior Framework
Figure 1.7
An array of environmental,
individual, group and team,
leadership, and organizational
characteristics impact
organizational behavior. If
managers understand these
concepts and characteristics they
can better promote organizational
effectiveness.
Organizational Behavior in Action
Based on your reading of this chapter: Choose 3 questions and explain
or answer it base on your own understanding.
– What do you think are the most important things a manager does? Is
how a manager does these things also important? Why or why not?
– Some people have suggested that understanding human behavior at
work is the single most important requirement for managerial success.
Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Why?
– The chapter identifies four basic managerial functions. Based on your
own experiences and observations, provide an example of each
function.
cont
Why will learning about OB help you to get a better job and a better
career, and be a better manager?
Some people believe that individuals working in an organization have
basic human rights to satisfaction with their work and to the opportunity
to grow and develop. How would you defend this position? How would
you argue against it?
Think of something that you believe leads to employee productivity
based on intuition that may not prove to be true if tested systematically.
Now apply the scientific method and describe how you might test your
theory.
PREVIEW: For the Next Module
Module 2 Chapter 3: Individual Characteristics

In this module you will learn the Individual differences of
the people in the organizations.
Personality and Individual behavior, the “Big Five”
personality traits.
Other important personality traits and others.
References
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5BM_OxgNMQ
2. Textbook: Griffin, Ricky W., Philips, Jean MK., Gully, Stanley M.,
(2019) Organizational Behavior 12th Ed. Cengage Learning Asia
Pte Ltd
3. Dubrin, A.J. (2013) Principles of organizational behavior 2nd Edition

Singapore: Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd
4. Ahmad, Sarah Sabir. (2018) Organizational behavior. Malaysia:
Oxford.
Closing Prayer
Let us remember that we are in most holy presence of our God.

All together please join me in praying the Lasallian Prayer.
All together:
I will continue oh my God to do all my action for the love of you.
St. John Baptist De La Salle. Pray for us.

Live Jesus in our heart. Forever.

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CHAPTER 1

An Overview of Organizational Behavior

After studying this chapter, students should be able to:

CLO1. Evaluate the basic concepts of organizational

TLO1. Categorize the basic functions & essential skills that

 This module will enlighten students knowledge why

• Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of:

Organizations that successfully implement OB principles have:

Technical Skills necessary to accomplish specific tasks

Questions OB helps HR managers answer

 Managers provide detailed instructions and supervision

 Divide work nearly equally between workers and

 Goals, confidence and performance

Module 2 Chapter 3: Individual Characteristics

3. Dubrin, A.J. (2013) Principles of organizational behavior 2nd Edition

Let us remember that we are in most holy presence of our God.

I will continue oh my God to do all my action for the love of you.

St. John Baptist De La Salle. Pray for us.

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