DRIVELINE SYSTEMS

BY YASHVIR SINGH ASST. PROF. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

INtroduction
Propeller shaft assembly which includes (i) Propeller shaft (ii) Universal joint Differential assemblies such as (i) Final drive (ii) Differential gearing Rear axle assemblies (i) Half axle (ii) Wheels

Propeller shaft

Universal Joint

Final Drive

Differential gear

Rear axle

Precision machined and dynamically balance product of circular cross section which imparts vibration free rotation

Connected at each end point of the propeller shaft, transmit rotary motion and torque between the shafts.

For permanent reduction in speed

Consist epicyclic For rotation of gear train the rear wheels which delivers power to the separate rear wheel axles

Propeller shaft (Drive shaft)

Connected to universal joint at its two ends Consist of slip joint Made of circular cross section for resisting torsion Designed to prevent whilring Two types (i) Solid shaft and a splined slip yoke (ii) Rubber element between the two sliding tubes

Problems with long propeller shaft

Sag and whirl condition Resonant induction due to critical whirling and violent vibrations

Solution to the problem

Increasing diameter Increasing the length of gearbox output shaft Increasing the length of final drive pinion shaft Two piece propeller shaft

Two piece propeller shaft

Requirements of propeller shaft

High torsional strength Toghned and hardened Efficiently welded Dynamically balanced Reduced trust loass under high torque Higher fatigue life

Universal coupling
Connect shafts having intersecting axes and inclined at some angle Hookes joint (Commonly used) Work up to 20o

Types of universal couplings

Hookes joint with needle roller bearing Perfect circle U-Joint Flexible ring universal joint

Hookes joint witH needle roller bearing

Efficiency get increased Needle roll slightly for keeping hookes joint with the specified angle Prevent the squeezing of grease

Perfect circle type

Have crowned bearing races on its inside surface Minimizes galling and flaking Proper distribution of load

Flexible ring type

Lubrication is not needed in them Small angle movement is possible Angle between the shafts has to be smaller value Design demands a larger value if greater torque is to be transmitted

Constant velocity universal joint