Well control barrier 

     
         
•Zahraa ali neama
•Duaa hassan hameed
•Zainab aqeel hassan

Morning study /A

2022/12/23
Outline:                
• Barriers definition ​
• Barriers classification ​
• Barriers elements ​
• Barriers envelope
        Barriers definition  
WELL BARRIERS: are object that prevents flow of hydrocarbons from its potential flow zone.
The principle of well integrity is primarily occurred with maintaining well control with sufficient
barriers.
    

Example Primary Barrier Secondary Barrier

Drilling Overbalanced mud with filter cake
Production Casing cement , casing , packer , tubing ,
and DHSV (down hole safety valve )
Intervention Casing cement , casing , deep-set plug ,
and overbalanced mud
Plug & Abandonment Casing cement , cement , and cement plug
Casing cement , casing , wellhead , and
BOP
Casing cement , casing , wellhead,
tubing hanger , and Christmas tree
Casing cement , casing , wellhead , and
BOP
Casing cement , casing , and cement plug
       Environmental
  barrier
functions
Avoiding exposure of surrounding environment to-1
.preceding hazardous fluids in different annuli

Minimizing the potential of leak from unidentified-2

.sources close to surface

Swabbing fluid from sea or near surface fresh water into-3

.the formations through the created annuli is minimized
Classification of barriers:
    
1-The PRIMARY BARRIER is the first line of defense for pressure control to prevent
unintentional flow to the environment or other formations.
• the primary barrier is provided by mud hydrostatic.

2-The SECONDARY BARRIER is the second line of defense for pressure control to
prevent unintentional flow if the primary barrier fails.
• usually provided by mechanical equipment such as well control equipment, plugs and
valves.

3- The TERTIARY BARRIER is special type used in case the primary and secondary fail.

• * two barriers is the sufficient barriers one-barrier methodology could be acceptable for
the abandonment design.
 barriers
    elements

Primary active barrier elements

1. Production liner below production packer
2. Production liner cement below production packer
3. Production packer
4. Completion tubing and jewellery
5. Tubing hanger
6. Tubing hanger neck seals
7. Xmas tree body
8. Swab valve
9. Kill wing valve
barriers elements

Secondary active barrier elements

1. Production liner / casing above production packer
2. Production liner / casing cement above production packer
3. Production casing hanger and seals
4. Wellhead and A annulus valves
5. Tubing hanger
6. Tubing bonnet
7. Xmas tree body
8. Swab cap and valve
9. Kill wing flange and valve
 Type of barrier:

• 1-mechanical:
• closeable: such as Bop or valve of the Christmas tree.
• Closed: such as cementing.

• 2- Hydrostatic: like fresh water, drilling mud, sea water .

Well barriers and their role in preventing or acting upon leakages from wells may be
illustrated in two main different ways;
well barrier schematics and barrier diagrams.

• Well Barrier Schematic (WBS) :

is a static illustration of a well and its main barrier elements, whereby all the primary and secondary well
barrier

• A well barrier diagram :

Is a network illustrating all possible leak paths from the reservoir to the surroundings.
Well Barriers are either:

PHYSICAL OPERATIONAL
• Common examples of physical • Common examples of operational
obstructions are: barriers are:
• Hydrostatic column head of drilling fluid exceeding • Closing the BOP after flow detection influx.
formation pressure. • Monitoring pit levels for kick detection
• A cement plug to isolate a zone.
The well barrier envelope
is the physical system that prevents fluids from flowing unintentionally from the formation into another
formation or to the external environment. The envelope is designed to contain this pressurized effluent.
The benefit of using the envelope principle is that we can create two independent envelopes, one outside of
the other. We will have primary containment of the pressurized fluid, so that no matter where the pressure
might escape through the primary barrier, there will always be a secondary containment behind the primary
barrier as a backup.

A well barrier envelope consists of different well barrier elements.

Well Barrier Element (WBE) is a physical element, which in itself may or may not prevent flow but
in combination with other WBEs forms a well barrier.
Following are some of the methods for verification of wellbore barrier.
• Negative test (Inflow test)
• Weight set on plug (tagging)
• Positive pressure test