Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England,

King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution
in 1649
Charles's last years were marked by the English Civil War, in which he fought
the forces of the English and Scottish parliaments, which challenged his
attempts to overrule and negate parliamentary authority. In 1642 started the
First Civil War
On 14th June 1645 the Battle of Naseby tipped
the military balance decisively in favour of
Parliament. There followed a great number of
defeats for the Royalists. He put himself into
the hands of the Scottish Presbyterian army
and after was taken upon Tyne while his
"hosts" decided what to do with him . The
Presbyterians finally arrived at an agreement
with the English Parliament and delivered
Charles to them in January 1647
 He was taken first to Newmarket, at his own suggestion, and then
transferred to Oatlands and subsequently to Hampton Court. He fled
from Hampton Court on 11 November, and placed himself in the
custody of Colonel Robert Hammond, Parliamentary Governor of the
Isle of Wight
 Charles was beaten and the Parliament expected him to
accept its demands for a constitutional monarchy. He
refused. This provoked the Second Civil War (1648–49)
and a second defeat for Charles that after was executed.
The monarchy was then abolished and a republic called the
Commonwealth of England was declared
 Charles Stuart was beheaded on Tuesday, 30 January 1649. The
execution took place at Whitehall on a scaffold in front of the
Banqueting House. Charles was separated from the people by large
ranks of soldiers, and his last speech reached only those with him
on the scaffold.
 Charles put his head on the block after saying a prayer and
signalled the executioner when he was ready; he was then
beheaded with one clean stroke.
Philip Henry records that moments after the execution, a
moan was heard from the assembled crowd, some of who
then dipped their handkerchiefs in his blood, thus starting the
cult of the Martyr King
DANILO RAIMONDO
MARCO NANI
ALESSIO FORNARINO

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