Chapter 2

Cell as the Basic

Unit of Life

PRESENTATION BY : OWEN LEONG

WUN THYE
CLASS :1F
2.1 Cell-Structure, Function and
Organisation
What is a cell?
Cells carry out all life’s functions such as growth, respiration, reproduction and
excretion.
•A cell also resembles a microscopic factory where thousands of chemical reactions
occur.
•Cells undergo division process to form new cells and replace damaged cells.One
individual cell becomes two cells and so on.
Functions of Structures in Animal Cells
and Plant Cells
Plants
Plants Have seven different types of structures in a cell :
Chloroplast, Cell Membrane, Mitochondria, Vacuole, Cytoplasm,
Cell wall and Nucleus.
CELL WALL
CHLOROPLAST
•Absorbs light energy for the process of photosynthesis. •Provides suppost, protection and fixed shape to the cell.
CELL MEMBRANE NUCLEUS
•Controls the flow of materials in and out of the cell. •Controls all activities in the cell.
MITOCHONDRIA
•Produces energy for reactions.
•Contains chromosomes consisting of deoxyribonucleic acid
VACUOLE
(DNA) that carries genetic information.
•Provides support to cells when filled with cell sap.
CYTOPLASM
•Acts as a medium where chemical reactions occur.
Functions of Animal
Cells
Animal have four types of structures in a cell : Cell Membrane,
Mitochondria, Cytoplasm and Nucleus.
CELL MEMBRANE
•Controls the flow of materials in and out of the cell.
MITOCHONDRIA
•Produces energy for reactions.
CYTOPLASM
•Acts as a medium where chemical reactions occur.
NUCLEUS
•Controls all activities in the cell.
•Contains chromosomes consisting of deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA) that
Carries genetic information.
 Unicellular and Multicellular
Organism
Unicellular organism (“uni” means one) are organisms that consist
of only one cell while multicellular organisms (“multi” means many)
are organisms that consist of more than one cell. Even though
unicellular organisms consist of only one cell, the organisms can
carry out all the processes of life such as growth and reproduction.

There is also Euglena. Euglena has the characteristics of both plants

and animals. Euglena can make its own food using sunlight like
plants and move like animals.

A unicellular organism in the plant

kingdom is

Chlamadomonas
Multicellular organisms
Mucor Spirogyra Hydra

Human body consist of many cells.

2.2 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis

The differences between Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis

Cell Respiration
and
Photosynthesis
The processes of cell respiration and
photosynthesis complement each
other. During cell respiration, oxygen
is absorbed and corbon dioxide is
released. Released carbon dioxide
will be used by plants to carry out
photosynthesis. On the other hand,
photosynthesis produces oxygen that
is needed by all organisms for cell
respiration.
A

THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME ;)

-OWEN LEONG WUN THYE