Bluetooth Wireless Networking

Contents

What is Bluetooth wireless? Advantages Disadvantages How does it work Functional Overview The Bluetooth network topology Architectural overview of Bluetooth Bluetooth profiles Security aspects Bluetooth Target Markets References

What is Bluetooth ?

Bluetooth is a short-range wireless network originally intended to replace the cable(s) connecting portable and/or fixed electronic devices. Such a network is also sometimes called a PAN (Personal Area Network)

Bluetooth is supposed to got its name from Harald Bluetooth II, King of Denmark 1940-1981 The concept was first patented by Ericsson. Currently the Bluetooth trade mark is owned by the Bluetooth SIG, a consortium of companies having stake in Bluetooth

Advantages(+)
Wireless (No Cables) No Setup Needed Low Power Consumption (1 Milliwat) Industry Wide Support

Disadvantages(-)
Short range (100 meters) Small throughput rates

Data Rate 1.0 Mbps

Mostly for personal use (PANs) Fairly Expensive

How Does It work

Bluetooth is a standard tiny, radio frequency chips that can be plugged into your devices These chips were designed to take all of the information that your wires normally send, and transmit it at a special frequency to something called a receiver Bluetooth chip.

The information is then transmitted to your device.

Functional Overview
Unconnected Standby
Standby

tac h

Standby

De

Ttypical=2s
Inquiry Page

Waiting to join a piconet Ask about radios to connect to Connect to a specific radio Actively on a piconet (master or slave) Low Power connected states

Inquire

Connecting States

Ttypical=0.6s Active States

Transmit data AMA Connected AMA

Page

Ttypical=2 ms

Connected

Ttypical=2 ms

Low Power States

Releases AMA Address

Park/Hold

PARK PMA

HOLD AMA

The Bluetooth network topology Radio designation

S P M

sb

P P sb M S

Connected radios can be master or slave Radios are symmetric (same radio can be master or slave) Piconet Master can connect to 7 simultaneous or 200+ inactive (parked) slaves per piconet Each piconet has maximum capacity (1 MSps) Unique hopping pattern/ID Scatternet Piconets can coexist in time and space

Bluetooth Architecture

Operates on the 2.4 GHZ ISM Band Uses Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying Modulation scheme Bluetooth communication occurs between a master radio and a slave radio. Each radio has a fixed 48 bit unique address. Two or more radio devices form a ad-hoc network called piconet. Connections can be made up to 10 meters or extended up to 100 meters Maximum speed supported in Version 1 is 1 Mbps

Bluetooth Profiles
Profiles are basically usage models defined by the SIG to ensure that Bluetooth devices and applications developed by different vendors are interoperable Some examples of profiles are

File transfer Profile Dial Up Networking Profile Head Set profile Hands free Phone Operation profile Human Interface Device ( HID) Profile etc

Bluetooth Security
Supports Unidirectional or Mutual Encryption based on a Secret Link key Shared Between Two Devices Security Defined In 3 modes: Mode 1- No Security
Mode 2 - Service Level Security: Not Established Before Channel is Established at L2CAP Mode 3 - Link Level Security: Device Initiates Security Before Channel is Established.

Blueooth Target Markets

The first wave

1. PC, Notebooks 2. Organizers & Palm Computers 3. Headsets 4. Cellular/ PCS 5. Cordless phones 6. Automotive cellular 7. Digital cameras The second wave 1. Printers 2. Photo printers 3. Fax machines 4. Industrial, musical and vertical industries products

References

www.bluetooth.com www.bluetooth.org www.wirelesscommunication.org/bluetooth/

Contributed by: PRATIK

SANGHVI YASH SANGHVI RISHI AGARWAL ROHIT MISRA KARAN SHAH

THANK YOU

ANY QUESTIONS??