STATISTICS

AND
PROBABILITY!
MA. KRISTINA JANE A. LUSTRIA
Pre-Service Teacher
Chapter 2:

NORMAL
DISTRIBUTIO
N
Lesson 1:

Illustrate a Normal Random

Variable and its Properties
OBJECTIVES

At the end of the 50-minutes lesson, the students are expected to:

1. Define normal distribution random variable;

2. illustrates normal distribution and its properties; and

3. determine the properties of a random variable.

NORMAL CURVE is a bell-shaped curve which shows the probability
distribution of a continuous random variable. It represents a normal
distribution. It has a mean µ = 0 and standard deviation ơ = 1. Its
skewness is 0 and its kurtosis is 3.
 Properties of the Normal Probability Distribution
1. The distribution curve is bell-shaped.
2. The curve is symmetrical about its center.
3. The mean, the median, and the mode coincide at the center.

4. The width of the curve is determined by the standard deviation of the

distribution.
5. The tails of the curve flatten out indefinitely along the horizontal axis,
always approaching the axis but never touching it. That is, the curve is
asymptotic to the base line.

6. The area under the curve is 1. Thus, it represents the probability or

proportion or the percentage associated with specific sets of measurement
values.
Skewness talks about the degree of symmetry of a curve. It is asymmetry in a
statistical distribution, in which the curve appears distorted or skewed either
to the left or to the right. It can be quantified to define the extent to which a
distribution differs from a normal distribution.
Skewed to Skewed to
the Left the Right

Skewness is less than zero (negative). Skewness is greater than zero (positive).
Kurtosis talks about the degree of peakedness of a curve. It refers to the
pointedness or flatness of a peak in the distribution curve.

Types of Kurtosis
Leptokurtic is taller and
thinner than the normal
curve.

Mesokurtic is a normal
distribution or normal curve.

Platykurtic indicates that

the distribution is flatter and
wider than the normal curve.
Empirical rule tells you what percentage of your data falls within a certain
number of standard deviation from the mean:
• 68% of the data falls with one standard deviation of the mean
• 95% of the data falls within two standard deviations of the mean
• 99.7% of the data falls within three standard deviations of the mean.
 .0215 .0215
0.0013 0.0013
Example 1. Drawing a normal distribution

The height of SHS students is normally distributed with a mean of µ

=150cm and a standard deviation of ơ =10cm. Sketch a normal curve that
describes this distribution.
Solution:
Step 1: Sketch a normal curve
Step 2: The mean of 150 cm goes in the middle.

Step 3: Each standard deviation is a distance of 10 cm.

Example 2: Finding percentages in a normal distributions

The height of SHS students is normally distributed with a mean µ=150cm

and a standard deviation of ơ=10cm. Approximately what percent of these
students have a height greater than 170 cm?
Solution:
1. Sketch a normal distribution with a mean of 150 cm and a standard
deviation of 10cm.
2. The height of 170 cm is two standard deviations above the mean. Shade
above that point.
3. Add the shaded area.
0.0215+0.0013=0.0228 or 2.28%

Answer: About 2.28% of the students have a height greater than 170cm.
Example 3: Finding the whole count
The height of SHS students is normally distributed with a mean µ=150cm
and a standard deviation of ơ=10cm. a certain school has 500 students.
Approximately how many of these students have a height lower than 140cm?

Solution:
1. Sketch a normal distribution with a mean of 150cm and a standard deviation of
10cm.
2. The height of 140cm is one standard deviation below the mean. Shade below that
point.
3. Add the shaded area.
0.0013+0.0215+0.1359=0.1587
4. How many students have a height lower than 140cm?
0.1587 of 500 = 0.1587(500)=79.35

Answer: About 79 students have a height lower than 140cm.

 Activity.

Directions: Solve and illustrate the given problem.

 
1. The height of SHS students is normally distributed with a mean of
=100cm and a standard deviation of =10cm. Sketch a normal curve that
describes this distribution.

2. The height of SHS students is normally distributed with a mean µ=100cm

and a standard deviation of ơ=10cm. Approximately what percent of
these students have a height greater than 120cm?

3. The height of SHS students is normally distributed with a mean µ=100cm

and a standard deviation of ơ=10cm. a certain school has 500 students.
Approximately how many of these students have a height lower than
90cm?
 .0215 .0215
0.0013 0.0013
ASSIGNMENT.

Study in advance about identifying regions under the

normal curve corresponding to different standard normal
values.
THANK
YOU !