RELAY

Learning Outcomes:

1. What is relay?
2.. Symbol
3. Relay Operation
4. Pin
5. Switch Ratings
6. Advantages and Disadvantages
7. Application
WHAT IS RELAY?
 Relays are a remote control electrical switch that can be
switched using low current to control a high current load.
 Relays were invented in 1835 by American
electromagnetism pioneer Joseph Henry, in a
demonstration at the College of New Jersey.
 A relay is an electrically operated switch. Current flowing
through the coil of the relay creates a magnetic field
which attracts a lever and changes the switch contacts.
 The coil current can be on or off so relays have two
switch positions and they are double throw (changeover)
switches.
SYMBOL
 The relay's switch connections are usually labeled
COM, NC and NO:
 COM = Common, always connect to this, it is the
moving part of a switch.
 NC = Normally Closed,COM is connected to this when
the relay coil is off.
 NO = Normally open, COM is connected to this when
the relay coil is on.
Relay operation based on Load

 Load side. (red)

 Control side. (green)
Relay operation (off)
 Drawn in natural state.
 Where the voltage present when load side is open.

Relay operation (on)

 When there is current through the coil of wire on the
control side a magnetic field is produced.Where the
voltage present when load side is open.
 This magnetic field closed the contacts on the load
side.
Normally open
 In this relay's natural state it is in the normally open
state..
 When the coil is non-energized the contacts are open.

Normally closed
 In this relay's natural state it is in the normally closed
state.
 When the coil is energized the contacts closed.
5V Relay Module

A 5v relay is an automatic
switch that is commonly used in
an automatic control circuit and
to control a high-current using a
low-current signal. The input
voltage of the relay signal
ranges from 0 to 5V.
Typical 5 Pin Relay Pin Identification
Switch ratings (voltage and current)
 The relay's switch must be suitable for the circuit they
are to control. You will need to check the voltage and
current ratings. Note that the voltage rating is usually
higher for AC,
Advantages vs Disadvantages
Advantages of Relays

 Relays can switch AC and

DC.
 Relays can switch higher
voltages.
 Relays are often a better
choice for switching large
currents (>5 A).
 Relays can switch many
contacts at once.
Disadvantages of Relays

 The contacts becoming

worn, resulting in a
limited lifespan.
 That they don't perform
that well when it comes
to switching high inrush
currents.
Applications
 The Electromagnetic relays are employed for the
protection of various AC and DC equipments.
 Inthe over/under current and voltage protection of
various AC and DC equipments.
 For differential protection.
 Used as auxiliary relays in the contact systems of
protective relay schemes.
The End