INCREASING PLANT EFFICIENCY

AND REDUCING EMISSION OF

BOAC DIESEL POWER PLANT BY
IMPLEMENTING SHELL AND TUBE
HEAT EXCHANGER, ORGANIC
RANKINE CYCLE, AND CATALYTIC
CONVERTER
CHAPTER

01

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 INTRODUCTION

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 STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM

Lower increase in output due to back

pressure developed by use of heat exchanger
in the exhaust of the engine, emission
produced of a diesel power plant.

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 OBJECTIVES

GENERAL OBJECTIVES

This study aims to enhance the efficiency and control emission of

the Boac Diesel Power plant located in Boac, Marinduque by
recovering the waste heat.

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 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

•To develop 3 design alternatives for Boac Diesel Power Plant

•To determine if the shell and tube exchanger and organic rankine cycle is a
suitable program for Boac Diesel Power Plant

•To determine if the catalytic converter is a suitable filtration system for Boac
Diesel Power Plant

•To recommend shell and tube exchanger and organic rankine cycle to improve
the overall efficiency of the Boac Diesel Power Plant

•To recommend the catalytic converter is a suitable filtration system for Boac
Diesel Power Plant
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 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

• The study will cover the utilization of waste heat and

reducing emission of Diesel Power Plant of Boac Diesel
Power Plant in Boac, Marinduque.
• It will cover the analysis of implementing shell and tube
exchanger and organic rankine cycle as the program to
be used in mitigating the heat loss on the diesel engine
and reduction of emission through catalytic converter.
• This study is limited to the design of Boac Diesel Power
Plant in addressing its compliance with the recent
instructions about increasing efficiency of the power
plant.

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 DESIGN CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK

Entails collecting
Compile all the
information on the
information on the
shell and tube heat
Boac Diesel Power
exchanger, organic
Plant that is
Rankine cycle, and
currently available.
catalytic converter.

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 CHAPTER

02

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 RELATED THEORETICAL DESIGN INPUTS

DIESEL POWER PLANT BOAC DIESEL POWER PLANT

• a generating station in which the diesel engine is the • Located in Brgy. Bantad Boac
prime mover in generating electrical energy
Marinduque.
• Diesel power stations are those in which the alternators'
main source of propulsion is a diesel engine. • Was built in the 1990s.
• Engine development. the first diesel engine prototype • Has a rated capacity of 15.648
was constructed in 1893. Diesel achieved positive
results in 1897 after undergoing numerous tests and
MW and dependable capacity
modifications. of 9.8 MW.

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 PRIMARY COMPONENTS OF DIESEL POWER
PLANT

• Diesel Engines • Engine Cooling System

• Engine Fuel Supply • Engine Lubrication System

• Engine Air Intake System • Engine Starting System

• Engine Exhaust System • AC or DC Generators

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 SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

The shell and tube heat exchanger

accomplishes its duty by moving a
heated liquid through tubes that
are filled with a cooled liquid.

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ORGANIC RANKINE
CYCLE
• The Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic
process that generates power from a heat
source using a steam-powered turbine.
• uses low-temperature heat sources

• Because of its feasibility and reliability,

the Organic Rankine Cycle is used in
diesel engines to improve thermal
efficiency and, in particular, fuel
economy, as fuel prices continue to rise.

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EMMISION CONTROL
WITH 3-WAY CATALYTIC
CONVERTER
The composition of the pollutant
emissions from diesel engine: Carbon
monoxide, Hydro-Carbon, Particulate
matter and Nitrogen oxides.

3-way Catalytic converters parts:

1. Diesel Oxidation Catalyst(DOC)
2. Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF)
3. Selective Catalytic Reduction(SCR)
 CHAPTER

03

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 DESIGN OUTPUTS

Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

 moving a heated liquid through tubes

that are filled with a cooled liquid
 Organic Rankine Cycle

The working fluid properties of the

organic Rankine Cycle engine system
 Catalytic converter

3- Way Catalytic Converter

and
Honeycomb structure

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 CHAPTER

04

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 Economic Constraints

Environmental Constraints

Health and Safety Constraints

Manufacturability Constraints

Political Constraints

Social Constraints
CONSTRAINTS AND
ENGINEERING Sustainability Constraints
TRADE-OFFS

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 For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger:  Economic constraints will take precedence over
environmental constraints because fuel consumption
ECONOMIC VS. For Organic Rankine Cycle: Economic constraints take over environmental constraints because
ENVIRONMENTAL the engine-ORC system performs with the waste heat.
For Catalytic Converter: Economic constraints take over environmental constraints because the
engine-ORC system performs with the waste heat.

For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: Economic constraint will be prioritized over health and safety
because the mitigation of carbon emissions
ECONOMIC VS.
HEALTH AND For Organic Rankine Cycle: Economic constraint will be prioritized over health and safety
SAFETY because organic rankine cycle focuses on performance of an engine.
For Catalytic Converter:  The health and safety constraints are prioritized

For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger:  the economic constraints have more aspects to
consider than manufacturability because the shell and tube heat exchanger is readily
ECONOMIC VS. available and inexpensive.
MANUFACTUR For Organic Rankine Cycle: Economic constraints must be prioritized because development
ABILITY
is valued more than manufacture.
For Catalytic Converter: manufacturability constraints take priority over economic
constraints.
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 For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: Political constraints outweigh economic constraints
because the plant will not function if it does not follow the laws and meet the
ECONOMIC VS. government's set of standards.
POLITICAL For Organic Rankine Cycle: Political constraints take over economic constraints since
development of power plants are based on codes and standards
For Catalytic Converter: The political constraints outweigh the Economic constraints.

For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: The economic constraints are prioritized. This is
because this technology increases the efficiency by decreasing the fuel consumption of
ECONOMIC VS. the engines.
SOCIAL For Organic Rankine Cycle: The economic constraints are prioritized over the social
constraints.  helps the plant to produce more that will benefit the economy.
For Catalytic Converter: The social implications of an emission eliminating technology is
supported by the social constraints. 

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 For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: Shutdowns and maintenance will result in a loss of
profit and will be less cost effective if sustainability is not prioritized.
ECONOMIC VS. For Organic Rankine Cycle:  Economic constraints over sustainability because ORC main
SUSTAINABILITY purpose is to increase efficiency and it does not support sustainability.
For Catalytic Converter: Catalytic converter technology supports sustainability in a way
that it preserves harming the environment,
Environmental will be given the priority as the shell and
For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger:
tube heat exchanger’s priority is to provide more power to the people.
ENVIRONMENTAL VS. For Organic Rankine Cycle:  Environmental constraints are prioritized over health and safety
HEALTH AND SAFETY since ORC’s priority is to enhance its performance.
For Catalytic Converter: The Environmental constraints are prioritized for the development of
Catalytic converter technology.

Manufacturability comes in first since the technology being

For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger:
used can reduce the waste heat produced in the system.
ENVIRONMENTAL VS. For Organic Rankine Cycle: Manufacturability constraints take priority since organic rankine
MANUFACTURABILITY cycle uses low-temperature heat sources which is good for thermal efficiency.
For Catalytic Converter: The harmful emission eliminating capabilities of catalytic converters
value the Environmental constraints more than the Manufacturability constraints.
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 For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger:  Prioritizing environmental constraints, on the other hand,
will provide the necessary adjustments to the laws that will be enacted.
ENVIRONMENTAL For Organic Rankine Cycle: prioritizing environmental constraint will give adjustments to the
VS. POLITICAL laws that will be implemented.
For Catalytic Converter: Environmental constraints are given priority over Political
Constraints.
For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger:  Environmental constraints top the social constraints
because the lives of the people are directly connected to the environmental factor.
ENVIRONMENTAL For Organic Rankine Cycle: Environmental constraints take over social constraints because
VS. SOCIAL the lives of the people are connected to the environmental factor.
For Catalytic Converter:  The environmental constraints are given priority in the case of
catalytic converters over social constraints.
For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: As a result, environmental constraints must take
precedence.
ENVIRONMENTAL
VS. SUSTAINABILITY For Organic Rankine Cycle:sustainability of the design directly depends on the resources
that the environment provides.
For Catalytic Converter: It only secondly impacts Sustainability by prolonging the
environment in the case of prevention of releasing harmful emissions.
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 For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: Manufacturability tops health and safety as the
shell and tube heat exchanger does not have health and safety impact.
HEALTH AND SAFETY
For Organic Rankine Cycle: Manufacturability must be prioritized since ORC mainly
VS.
MANUFACTURABILITY focuses on plant efficiency.
For Catalytic Converter: The design implications of catalytic converters cater more to
the health and safety constraints rather than the manufacturability constraints.

Political constraints outweigh the health and

For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger:
safety because as the rules and regulations
HEALTH AND SAFETY Political constraints over health and safety because
For Organic Rankine Cycle:
VS. POLITICAL
laws will be considered by using the alternative.
For Catalytic Converter:The design of catalytic converters promote the
constraints of Health and safety more than the political constraints.
 For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: The health and safety constraints are prioritized over the
social constraints in the case of this technology.
HEALTH AND For Organic Rankine Cycle: The social constraints are prioritized over the health and safety
SAFETY VS. constraints in the case of this technology
SOCIAL
For Catalytic Converter: Health and safety constraints are prioritized over Social constraints. The
Catalytic converter technology directly affects the health and safety by removing harmful
emissions produced by the plants. This in turn is supported by the social constraints.

For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: Health and safety is prioritized as manpower will be the one
that will operate the machine.
HEALTH AND For Organic Rankine Cycle: Health and safety win over sustainability because sustainability
SAFETY VS.
depends on health and safety.
SUSTAINABILITY
For Catalytic Converter: This is because health and safety are also the desired benefits of the
development of catalytic converter technology.

For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: Political constraints will determine manufacturability
constraints because laws and standards will be the foundation for manufacturing equipment.
MANUFACTUR For Organic Rankine Cycle: Political constraints take over manufacturability since ORC uses
ABILITY VS.
different parameters to make an efficient one.
POLITICAL
For Catalytic Converter: The Political constraints determine the allowable technologies to be
implemented so for this comparison,

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 For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: The manufacturability constraints are prioritized
over the social constraints because an increased efficiency is more suitable, and it
impacts the views of the people secondly.
MANUFACTURABILITY For Organic Rankine Cycle: This is because the main goal of organic Rankine cycle
VS. SOCIAL technology is utilizing the waste heat that therefore increases manufacturability.
For Catalytic Converter: This is because of the social views on the harmful emission
removal that this technology provides.
For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: Sustainability because It is more important and
practical to design a long-term solution than a temporary improvement.
MANUFACTURABILITY For Organic Rankine Cycle: Sustainability takes over manufacturability since ORC
VS. SUSTAINABILITY helps the performance of power plants.
For Catalytic Converter: he Sustainability constraints are prioritized over
manufacturability since catalytic converters support the longevity of operation by
removing harmful emissions.
For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: social constraints, because people will appreciate
the development and the effects of a more efficient plant.
POLITICAL VS. For Organic Rankine Cycle: social constraints  because people would appreciate the
SOCIAL
efficient use of resources which the organic rankine cycle provides. 
For Catalytic Converter: The Social constraints are prioritized, the laws will also
20XX reflect on the social stigma.
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 For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: The design process can be depicted as a concept that will
later be approved by political constraints.

For Organic Rankine Cycle: Sustainability takes precedence over politics because it provides
POLITICAL VS. resources where the Organic Rankine Cycle requires them.
SUSTAINABILITY

The design implications of catalytic converters support sustainability

For Catalytic Converter:
over political constraints. This is because it promotes sustainability by removing the
harmful emissions and saving the environment, which impacts sustainability.

For Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: This is because the main goal of this technology is to enhance
the engines thereby increasing the sustainability.

For Organic Rankine Cycle: The sustainability constraints are more considered over social
SOCIAL VS.
constraints. This is because increasing the efficiency of the plant by utilizing waste heat
SUSTAINABILITY
recovery will prolong the sustainability of the plant. 

 The design objective that is considered in catalytic converters by

For Catalytic Converter:
prolonging the environment directly affects the sustainability. 
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 RESULT FOR SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

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 RESULT FOR ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE

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 RESULT FOR CATALYTIC CONVERTER

Click icon to add SmartArt graphic

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 RANKING OF RESULT ON CONSTRAINTS
FOR SHELL AND
TUBE HEAT FOR ORGANIC FOR CATALYTIC
EXCHANGE RANKINE CYCLE CONVERTER

- Environmental = 4 - Economic = 5 - Environmental = 6

- Manufacturability = 4 - Environmental = 4 - Health and Safety = 4
- Sustainability = 4 - Manufacturability= 3 - Sustainability = 4
- Economic= 3 - Sustainability= 3 - Social = 3
- Political = 3 - Political = 3 - Political = 2
- Health and Safety = 2 - Social = 2 - Economic = 1
- Social = 1 - Health and Safety = 1 - Manufacturability = 1

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 ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS

FOR SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

- Environmental = 4 (4.76190 %) = 19.0476 %

- Manufacturability = 4 (4.76190 %) =19.0476 %
- Sustainability = 4 (4.76190 %) =19.0476 %
- Economic = 3 (4.76190 %) = 14.2857 %
- Political = 3 (4.76190 %) = 14.2857 %
- Health and Safety = 2 (4.76190 %) = 9.52381 %
- Social = 1 (4.76190 %) = 4.76190 %
Note: 100% = 4𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 1𝑥

𝑥 = 4.76190 %
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 FOR ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE

- Economic = 5 (4.76190 %) = 23.8095 %

- Environmental = 4 (4.76190 %) = 19.0476 %
- Manufacturability= 3 (4.76190 %) = 14.2857 %
- Sustainability= 3 (4.76190 %) = 14.2857 %
- Political = 3 (4.76190 %) = 14.2857 %
- Social = 2 (4.76190 %) = 9.5238 %
- Health and Safety = 1 (4.76190 %) = 4.76190 %

Note: 100% = 5𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 1𝑥

𝑥 = 4.76190 %
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 Note: 100% = 6𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 1𝑥 + 1𝑥

𝑥 = 4.76190 %

FOR CATALYTIC CONVERTER

- Environmental = 6 (4.76190 %) = 28.5714 %

- Health and Safety = 4 (4.76190 %) =  19.0476 %
- Sustainability = 4 (4.76190 %) =  19.0476 %
- Social = 3 (4.76190 %) = 14.2857 %
- Political = 2 (4.76190 %) = 9.5238 %
- Economic = 1 (4.76190 %) = 4.76190 %
- Manufacturability = 1 (4.76190 %) = 4.76190 %

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PRESIDENTIAL
DECREE NO.
436 (INCREASING THE SPECIFIC TAX ON LUBRICATING OILS,
GASOLINE, BUNKER FUEL OIL, DIESEL FUEL OIL)

REPUBLIC ACT
NO. 8749 AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE AIR
POLLUTION CONTROL POLICY AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES

CODES AND STANDARDS

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 Occupational Safety and Health Standards

RULE 1080: PERSONAL PROTECTIVE

EQUIPMENT AND DEVICES
 
RULE 1180 INTERNAL COMBUSTION
ENGINE

CODES AND STANDARDS

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 CHAPTER

05

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CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the three design alternatives possess
a great potential when implemented to the Boac diesel
power plant. By improving the efficiency and reducing
maintenance costs, improving the capabilities and the
electrical generation output, and finally eliminating the
environmental impact of operating the plant.

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RECOMMENDATIO
N
• Researchers recommend checking the back pressure of
the shell and tube heat exchanger to maximize the
benefit of the heat exchange
• Researchers recommend the organic Rankine cycle for
increasing plant efficiency because it uses a lower
boiling point organic fluid instead of water.

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OUR TEAM:

Abion, John Rae

Abitan, John Marco
Cabilida, Clark Justin 
Hidalgo, Raphael Miguel T.
Teodoro, Sean Michael A.

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THANK YOU!

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