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Blood Collection

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 Table Contents
 Definition
 Introduction
 Materials Required
 Safety Measures
 Procedure of Blood collection
 Blood Culture
 Conclusion

2
 Definition

Venipuncture is
the most
common
method of
obtaining a
diagnostic blood
specimen.

3
 Introduction

• Blood collection methods include (1) venipuncture

(penetrating a vein with a needle) with an evacuated
tube system, syringe method, or butterfly infusion
set; and (2) capillary blood system whereby the skin
puncture is done with the use of a lancet.
• Use of the evacuated blood collection system is
preferable because it allows the blood to pass
directly from the vein into the evacuated tube
eliminating the need for specimen transfer.
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5
 Materials Required
Safety Needles, 22g or less
Butterfly needles. 21g or less
Syringes
Vacutainer tube holder
Transfer Device
Blood Collection Tubes.
Tourniquets. Single use, disposable, latex-free tourniquets
Antiseptic. Individually packaged 70% isopropyl alcohol
wipes.
2×2 Gauze
Sharps Disposal Container. An OSHA acceptable, puncture
proof container
marked “Biohazardous”.
Bandages or tape 6
 Safety Measures
• Observe universal (standard) safety precautions.
• Observe all applicable isolation procedures.
• PPE’s will be worn at all times.
• Wash hands in warm, running water with a
appropriate hand washing product,
• If hands are not visibly contaminated a
commercial foaming hand wash product may be
used before and after each patient collection.

●●●
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 Safety Measures
• Gloves are to be worn during all phlebotomies, and
changed between patient collections.
• Palpation of phlebotomy site may be performed
without gloves providing the skin is not broken.
• A lab coat or gown must be worn during blood
collection procedures.
• Needles and hubs are single use and are disposed of
in an appropriate ‘sharps’ container as one unit.
• Needles are never recapped, removed, broken, or
bent after phlebotomy procedure.
●●●
8
 Safety Measures
• Gloves are to be discarded in the appropriate
container immediately after the phlebotomy
procedure.
• All other items used for the procedure must be
disposed of according to proper biohazardous
waste disposal policy.
• Contaminated surfaces must be cleaned with
freshly prepared 10% bleach solution. All surfaces
are cleaned daily with bleach.

9
 Procedure of Blood Collection
• Identify the patient, two forms of active
identification are required.
Ask the patient to state their name and date of
birth.
This information must match the requisition.
• Reassure the patient that the minimum
amount of blood required for testing will be
drawn.
• Verify that any diet or time restrictions have
been met.
●●●
10
 Procedure of Blood Collection
Order of Draw
• The following order of draw is the approved
order as established by CLSI.
• This order of draw should be followed
whenever multiple tubes are drawn during a
single venipuncture.
• This is to prevent cross contamination by the
tube additives that could lead to erroneous
results.
●●●
11
 Blood Culture
• Light Blue Top (plasma): 3.2% sodium citrate.
These tubes are used for coagulation tests and
need to be completely filled to ensure the
proper ratio of blood to anticoagulant.
• Red Top (serum): Plain and gel. Used for
chemistry and reference tests.
• Green Top (plasma): With and without gel,
contains lithium heparin. These tubes are used
primarily for chemistry tests.
●●●
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 Blood Culture
• Lavender or Pink Top (plasma): Contains EDTA.
Used primarily for hematology and blood bank
testing.
• Gray Top (plasma): Contains sodium
fluoride/potassium oxalate. Used by chemistry
for glucose testing.
• Yellow Top (plasma and cells): Contains ACD
solution A or B. Used for Genetics testing.

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14
 Conclusion

 A procedure in which a needle is used to take

blood from a vein, usually for laboratory testing.
Phlebotomy may also be done to remove extra
red blood cells from the blood, to treat certain
blood disorders.

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References
• Google.com
• Wikipedia.org
• Studymafia.org
• Slidespanda.com
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To
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