RULES REGARDING

RESERVATION IN EMPLOYMENT

Dr. A K PANI
+91 94330 45155
pani.aswini@gmail.com
 WHAT IS RESERVATION?

In simple terms, reservation in India is all about

reserving access to seats in government jobs,

educational institutions and even legislatures

to certain section of population.

 WHY RESERVATION?

After India attains Independence, our policy

makers provided adequate safeguard to

protect the interest of the persons of weaker

sections of the society/community with the

policy of reservation through Constitution.

 PURPOSE OF RESERVATION

The two main purposes of reservation as per the Constitution of

India are:
• Advancement of Scheduled Caste(SC) and the Scheduled
Tribes(ST) or any socially or educationally backward classes
of citizens(OBC) or economically weaker section(EWS)
Article 15 (4), (5),(6);
• Adequate representation of any backward classes of citizens
or economically weaker sections in the services under the state
Article16(4) and (6).
 PURPOSE OF RESERVATION
• The objective of providing reservation to the

Sc, St and OBC in services is not only to give

job to some persons belonging to these

communities but to empower them also to

participate in the decision making of the

state.
 EXTENT OF RESERVATION

Scheduled Caste: 15.00%;

Scheduled Tribe: 7.50%;

Other Backward Class: 27.00%;

Economically Weaker Sections: 10.00%

 INDIAN CONSTITUTION

Indian Constitution allowed reservation only

for socially or educationally backward classes.

However in reality it became caste based

reservation instead of class based reservation.

EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN
 EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN IN
INDIA

In spite of having significant economic growth

strong fertility decline and rapidly rising
female education in the last three decades,
India has not witnessed a commensurate rise
in the female labour force participation rate.
 EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN IN
INDIA

High economic growth has been

accompanied by the gender gap in the
education participation
DECISION FOR EMPLOYMENT OF
WOMEN

The decision for a women to work is a

complex issue that involves social norms,
educational attainment, fertility rate,
household care, access to other services and
availability of opportunities.
FACTOR AFFECTING EMPLOYMENT OF
WOMEN

Presence of an adult male in the family with

higher level of education significantly

discourages women to enter the labour

market.
 FACTOR AFFECTING
EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN

Along with the effect of castes and religions,

the interplay between cultural and economic
factors that are important in explaining the
declining workforce participation of women in
India.
 FACTOR AFFECTING
EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN

With an improvement in socio-economic

status, households discourage their women to

step out and engage in employment.

 FACTOR AFFECTING
EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN

Having a new-born child has an adverse

Effect on women’s employment, indicating

the need for provision of child care facilities.

 FACTOR AFFECTING
EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN

Employment of women gets affected due to

marital status, household composition and

regional characteristics.
 IMPACT OF EMPLOYMENT OF
WOMEN

Since women are the important part of the family, their

employment leave positive impact on:
• The Woman herself;
• Her Family;
• The Society she lives in; and the State.
 IMPACT OF EMPLOYMENT OF
WOMEN

When women become economically

independent because of their employment,
they can decide of their own, and basically
women members are more attached to their
families and can bring in more good to their
Families.
 IMPACT OF EMPLOYMENT OF
WOMEN

As women members become independent

financially, their income is added to the gross
family income and spending capability of the
family increases and the family enjoys
improvement in their status.
 IMPACT OF EMPLOYMENT OF
WOMEN
With increase in the capability an all-round
development takes place both for the society and the
state.
More investment forth come for education, health care,
better food and entertainment due to increase in
income.
For the country as whole women member also
contribute for the state exchequer through which
more development can take place.