BATTERIES

A B H A R G AV S R E E R A M U L U - 1 9 0 11 A 0 8 0 1

D H A N D U B H A R G AV I - 1 9 0 11 A 0 8 1 7

M A K A L L A D I V YA S R I - 1 9 0 11 A 0 8 3 2

V E R AVA L L I V E D A R I S H I - 1 9 0 11 A 0 8 5 4

YA S A S W I K A P I L A - - 1 9 0 11 A 0 8 5 6
Batteries

A battery is a device that converts chemical energy contained within its active materials directly
into electric energy by means of an electrochemical oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction. This
type of reaction involves the transfer of electrons from one material another material.

• Primary Batteries
• Secondary Batteries or Rechargeable batteries
Types of batteries Components of Battery :
A container made of plastic
• Lead Acid Batteries

• Alkaline Batteries Positive plate (anode)

made of suitable metal
• Lithium Batteries
Negative plates(cathode)
• Lithium ion Batteries

• Nickel-metal Hydride Batteries

Separator made of porous syntenic material
• Manganese Oxide Batteries Electrolytes
• Chromic Acid Batteries

• Lithium-Nickel Cobalt Aluminium oxide

batteries

• Silver Oxide Batteries

• Nickel Cadmium Batteries

• Lithium ion Polymer Batteries

 Ni-MH Battery Li-Ion Battery
Used in Mobile Phones.
Offers high density of 80W/Kg. Low Self Discharge
Highly Durable. High Capacity
Slim Geometry. Low Maintenance

Pb-Acid Battery
Inexpensive and
simple High Discharge Rate.
Long Life Cycle.
Ni-Cd Batte
manufacturing.
First Rechargeble
Battery.
 CNT additives
Hydrometallurgical method

Methods
Electrochemical Deposition Fluid Bed Coating

Dry Thermal Sulfuration

Spherical Ni(OH)2 powder as the The prepared carbon dispersion is sprayed Ni(OH)2 nanosheets were deposited on
onto spherical To Fabricate porous NiS GF/CNT hybrid films for the cathode.
active material was mixed Ni(OH) 2 particles using a fluid-bed coating nanostructured electrode
thoroughly with CNTs apparatus

CNT Fluid bed Coating Thermal Sulfuration E.C Deposition

 1. A Flexible Alkaline
Rechargeable Ni/Fe Battery
1. A flexible Ni/Fe cell is designed and fabricated by employing Ni(OH)2 and Fe2O3.

2. Ni(OH)2 nanosheets were deposited on GF/CNT hybrid films for the cathode.

3. Fe2O3 nanorods were deposited on GF/CNT hybrid films for the anode.

4. Results in a low cost, lightweight, flexible battery that shows high volumetric energy/power densities,
and good cycling stability.
Rechargeable Ni-H batteries
• The cathode is manufactured by heavily coating Ni(OH)2 spheres into nickel
foam.

• Anode is synthesized by a 3D thin layer of NiMoCo catalyst which is grown

directly on porous nickel foam without any additive/binder.

• This Ni-H battery exhibbits an outstanding rechargeability and an energy

density of 140Wh/kg
Characterizations.

01 SEM

General process by which a

02 TEM material's structure and
properties are probed and
measured.
03 FESEM

04 XRD
TEM 01
A beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to
form an image.

Can magnify objects up to 2 million times. In order to get

02 a better idea of just how small that is, think of how small a
cell is.
 SEM
01
Secondary electrons (SE)

02 Reflected or back-scattered electrons (BSE)

03 Absorbed current (specimen current)

 Field Emission
SEM
1 . Produces clearer, less electrostatically
distorted images.

FESEM 2 . P rovides topographical and elemental

information at magnifications of 10x to
300,000x, with virtually unlimited depth of
field.
 Non-destructive and
Used to analyzie the atomic or
molecular structure of
materials
X R functions best with fully or
partially crystalline
materials

Bragg's law