Beam project

Student Name: Saeed Makhlooq

ID number: 202001471

Wooden beam for gym Instructors Name: Dr. Satish Konatham & Dr.
Iftikhar Ahmed
 Introduction
A gymnastic manager is in need of an efficient
beam that can endures 90 kg without breaking.
The beam must be 3 meter in length with the rings
being in the center. In addition, the beam must be
made of wood with considering a factor of safety
of 1.5.

Figure 1
The aim of this project:
• Design a 3 m long beam that can withstand a 90
kg load on its center.
• Max bending stress will be found along with
relevant calculation.
• Using Solidworks software a simulation will be
run to asse the functionality of the beam.
• A comparison between simulation and theoretical
calculation will take a place.

Figure 2
 Free body diagram

882.9 N

A B
C

1.5 m 1.5 m

RA RB
 Calculation
Reaction Forces:

Figure 3 And
figure 4 illustrates
the values of
bending moment
and shear force in Figure 1
diagrams to Figure 3
provide a better
understanding. In
SFD & BMD: addition, to
provide a vivid
comparison with
simulated results
in upcoming
slides.

Figure 4
 Calculation Material

Yield
Balsa wood

𝑌𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡h 20 20 MPa

Strength
𝐹𝑂𝑆= 1.5=
𝑓𝑏
𝑓𝑏=13.33 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑏 FOS 1.5
𝑀 662175
𝑧𝑥= 𝑧𝑥= 𝑧𝑥=49675.54389 𝑚 𝑚3 𝑧𝑥=49.67 ×10 3 𝑚𝑚 3
𝑓𝑏 13.33
The elastic modulus (zx) value is used to find the appropriate cross-section size for the beam, with aid of the table of
design properties the nearest available value (49.87) of the elastic modulus was chosen. Thus, the corresponding
dimensions of that value (120 x 60 x 5 x 7.5 x 5).
𝑀 662175
𝑓𝑏 ( 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 )= 𝑓𝑏= 3 𝑓𝑏 ( 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 )=13.278 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑧𝑥 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡h𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 49.87 ×10

Figure 5 Figure 6
 Finite Element Analysis

1. Draw 2 lines, each one with 1500 mm

1
2 in length. Then convert the drawing to
structural member.
2. Assign the extracted dimensions to the
cross-section of the beam.
Figure 7 Figure 8 3. Apply the desirable material (Wood -
Balsa).
4. Add the appropriate supports and the
wanted translations on the end and start
joints. In this case it is immovable (no
translation on both joints)

Figure 9 Figure 10
 Finite Element Analysis
MPa

Figure 13
Figure 11 Figure 12

5. Apply the force depending on the type, place, magnitude, and

direction which in this case is a point load at the center of the beam
with 882.9 N acting downwards.
6. Run the simulation and choose the type of data or diagram required
such as bending stress, shear force, and bending moment diagrams.
Figure 14

As it is evident at the figure 13 the maximum bending stress is 13.278

Mpa. In addition, figure 14 shows maximum shear force at 441.45 N, and
the minimum at – 441.45 N. Finally, figure 15 presents Maximum
bending moment at 662.175 N.m.

Figure 15
 Comparison
• Shear forces were identical a 441.45 N and -441.45 N in both simulated and calculated results
• Bending moment found to be 662.175 N.m in both sections also.
• Calculated reaction forces were found to be 441.45 N and 441.45 N while simulated also found to be 45 Kg and 45kg
which is the equivalent of 441.45 N when converting to N.
• Simulated and calculated results are consisted with each other with a 0% error which confirm the credibility of the
results. 20
𝐹𝑂𝑆 ( 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 ) = =1.5
13.278

Value Simulated Calculated

Reaction
441.45 N 441.45 N
RA

Reaction RB 441.45 N 441.45 N

Figure 15 Figure 16
Max BM 662.175 N.m 662.175 N.m

SF1 441.45 N 441.45 N

SF2 -441.45 N -441.45 N

Max bending
stress 13.278 MPa 13.278 MPa
Figure 17 Figure 18
 Conclusion

• A 3 m long wooden beam was designed to withstand a 90 kg vertical load on its center where the cross-section
dimensions of the beam was found to be (120 x 60 x 5 x 7.5 x 5) by the aid of the elastic modulus property.

• Reaction forces (441.45 N, 441.45 N), shear forces (441.45 N, -441.45 N, bending moment (662.175 M.m), and
bending stresses (13.278 MPa) were found by hand calculation and simulation using (Solidworks software) and then
compared to achieve 0% error percentage.

• With 1.5 actual factor of safety value the beam design is applicable to withstands 90 kg and will serve its purpose.