Chemical Equilibrium Math (Rev)

Relation between Kp and Kc:

Find the relation between Kp and Kc of the following reaction

n= 2-2
=0
So, Kp= Kc (RT)0
Kp = Kc
As the value of (RT)0 is 1
Chemical Equilibrium
Deduce the equation for Kp and Kc the following reversible
reaction:

Initial a b 0
Equilibrium (a-x) (b-x) 2x

Suppose in a reversible reaction ‘a’ mole hydrogen react

with ‘b’ mole iodine. At equilibrium ‘x’ mole hydrogen take
part in the reversible reaction.
Chemical equilibrium
According to the law of mass action
Kc = [HI]2/[H2][I2]------(i)
Suppose total volume the reaction is VL
So, [H2] = (a-x)/V
[I2] = (b-x)/V
[HI] = 2x/V
Using these values in equation (i) we get
Kc = (2x/V)2/(a-x)/V(b-x)/V
Or, Kc= 4x2/v2÷(a-x)(b-x)/V2
Or, Kc = 4x2/(a-x)(b-x)
Chemical Equilibrium
According to the law of mass action
Kp= PHI2 /PH2. PI2 -----(ii)
Suppose the total pressure of the reaction is P
So, PH2 = P. (a-x)/(a+b)
PI2=P.(b-x)/(a+b)
PHI=2x.P/(a+b)
Using these values in equation (ii) we get
Kp= 4x2. P2 /(a+b)2 ÷ (a-x)(b-x)P2/(a+b)2
Kp= 4x2/(a-x)(b-x)
Chemical Equilibrium
From the above calculation we can say that if the number of
reactant and product molecule is same or equal than value of
Kp and Kc will be same.
Chemical Equilibrium
Deduce the equation for Kp for the reversible decomposition
of PCl5 into PCl3 and Cl2

PCl5 ⇌ PCl3 + Cl2

Initial 1 0 0
Equilibrium (1-α) α α
According to the law of mass action
Kp= P PCl3. PCl2/ P PCl5 ------(i)
Suppose the total pressure of the reaction is P.
Chemical Equilibrium
So,
P PCl5 = (1-α) P/(1+α) 
P PCl3 = αP/(1+α)
 PCl2= αP/(1+α)
Using these values in equation (i)
Kp = αP/(1+α). αP/(1+α) ÷ (1-α) P/(1+α)
Kp= α2P/(1- α2)
Chemical equilibrium
Deduce the equation for Kp and Kc for the following
reactions:
(i) N2(g) + H2(g) ⇌ NH3
(ii) N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2
Using the value of Kp for N2(g) + H2(g) ⇌ NH3 reaction
prove that production of ammonia increase with increase in
pressure.
 N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3
Initial 1 3 0
Equilibrium (1-x) 3(1-x) 2x

N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2
a 0
 (a-x) 2x