UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SO

CIETY
AND POLITICS

Enculturation/
Socialization
 Objectives
• explain the context, content,
processes, and consequences of
socialization
ACTIVITY 1
ACTIVITY 1
ACTIVITY 2
 Socialization concerns both social
structure and interpersonal relations.

3 key parts:
• context
• content and process
• results/outcomes
 1. Context
- refers to the culture, language, social
structures and one’s position within that
particular society
- includes history and the roles people
and institutions around them performed in
the past
2. Content and Process
Content - refers to the details of what
passed from a member to a new member.
Process - means the interactions and ways
these new norms, values and customs are
thought to a novice.
3. Results/Outcomes - refers to what happ
to an individual after being exposed to a
particular contents and process.
Other factors that influence socialization processes

• Gender stereotypes
• Race
 CONTEXT OF
SOCIALIZATION
Biological Context- Sociobiologist suggest that
some human capacities may be "wired into" our
biological makeup. Some hormones (i.e. vasopressin
and oxytocin) encourage human to interact and
socialize with other people.
CONTEXT OF
SOCIALIZATION
Psychological Context- composed of (1)
emotional states and unconsciousness
(2) cognitive theories of development (3)
social and historical events (4) social positio
as part of the context
Socialization is also known as enculturation
Enculturation occurs when cultural
knowledge is passed on to the next bearer
which will perpetuate and ensure the
continuance of their traditions and
practices (Santarita and Madrid, 2016).
Results of enculturation and socialization
• Identity formation
process
• Norms and values
• Status
• Achieved Status - one that a person has earned or chosen based
on his/her abilities and hard work.
• Ascribed Status - not earned, and it is not something that
people have control over
Results of enculturation and socialization
• Identity formation
process
• Norms and values
• Status
• Achieved Status - one that a person has earned or chosen based
on his/her abilities and hard work.
• Ascribed Status - not earned, and it is not something that
people have control over
Directions: Read the following statements
carefully. Write T on the blank if it is
true and F if not.
1. Socialization plays no part in personality
formation of individual.
2. Socialization begins at birth or shortly
thereafter.
3. All cultures use the same techniques to
socialize their children.
4. Socialization continues until we are adults
and then usually stops because we have learned
our culture by that time.
5. Early childhood is the period of the most intense and the
most crucial socialization.
6. The roles we play in life are normally learned during the
socialization process.
7. Unlike other animals, human infants are born with a
culture.
8. Successful socialization can result in uniformity within
a society.
9. Gender stereotypes also exert a strong influence on
socialization processes.
10. School is an important source of socialization for
students of all ages.