THE LOCAL

GOVERNMENT
IN INDONESIA
Feneubrina Bainirad
710876703
IPUG
PRESENTATION OUTLINE:

INTRODUCTION

DIVISION OF THE GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS

LOCAL GOVERNMENT LEVEL

INTRODUCTION

Indonesia

Unitary State: Republic of Indonesia

17,508 islands

238 million people

90% muslim

300 ethnic groups

700 languages/dialects
 HISTORY

1945-1999 1999-2004 After 2004

Soekarno Soeharto Habibie Gusdur Megawati Sby Jokowi

Centralistic Government Law 22/1999 on Law 32/2004 on Rearrangement of authority between

Local government should follow
direction from central government
Limited autonomy and opportunity
for regions to define their
development goals
Regional Regional central and local government.
Autonomy Government
Government functions shared between
central and local government
Government functions are developed
to local government
Local government is provided with
authority to develop according to its
preferences
DIVISION OF THE GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS

Government Affairs

Absolute Affairs Concurrent Affairs General Affairs

(Conducted by central (Conducted by central-local
(Conducted by President)
government) government)

Foreign Affairs, Defense, Non-obligatory Obligatory

Security, Monetary and
Fiscal Policies, Justice and
Religion
Basic Services Non-Basic Services
 LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT

Co-administration

Central Government Decentralization

Deconcentration

Rural Areas Province Urban Area

District District/
Municipality

Sub-district Sub-district

Villages Villages
 • Province: 34 provinces (autonomous regions)
• District/City: 491 units (autonomous regions)
• 398 regencies
Number of Local • 93 cities
Governments • Sub-district: 6,694 Units (administrative regions)
• Village: 69,429 units
• Rural Village (in charge with tradition and customary)
• Urban Village (administrative, under sub-district)
 PROVINCE

• Headed by a governor elected every 5-year term

• It has its own regional assembly
• There are 5 special provinces
 Aceh: has its own Islamic Sharia law for Muslim citizens, flag, provincial anthem, local political
party.
 Yogjakarta Special Region: The Sultan of Yogjakarta is de facto and de jure governor, Since
2000 the central government proposed a law that required the governor to be elected as in the
other provinces, while still giving the sultan significant political power.
 Papua: The governor is required to be of Papua origin.
 West Papua: The province had split from Papua in 2003.
 Jakarta Special Capital Region: The governor of Jakarta  has the power to appoint and
dismiss mayors and regent within the region. The local government is allowed to cooperate with
other cities from other countries.
 • Regency and city enjoy greater decentralisation of affairs

than the provincial body, such as provision of public schools

and public health facilities.

• Both regency and city are have their own local government
DISTRICT and legislative body.

• The difference between a regency and a city lies in differing

demographics, size and economics.

• A regency is headed by a regent (bupati), and a city is

headed by a mayor (wali kota).

 SUBDISTRICT

Sub-district has several variations of terms:

• Kecamatan headed by a camat. A camat is a civil servant, responsible
to the regent (in a regency) or to the mayor (in a city). 
• Distrik headed by a kepala distrik. Distrik are only found in the
provinces of Papua and West Papua.
• Kapanewon headed by a panewu and Kemantren or headed by
a mantri pamong praja (terms in the Special Region of Yogjakarta).
VILLAGES

• Villages are divided into rural villages and urban village.

• Rural village has authority over the local people in
accordance with acknowledged local traditions of the
area.
• Rural village headed by a head of village
• Urban village has less autonomy than rural village.
• Urban village is headed by a lurah directly responsible to
district leader.
Thank You