Mass Relationships in Chemical

Reactions
Specific Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lesson, the learners will be
able to:
1. identify mole ratios of reactants and
products from balanced chemical and
equations; and
2. perform stoichiometric calculations related
to chemical equations.
 
Stoichiometry
- the study of the quantities of materials
consumed and produced in chemical reactions
From the balanced chemical equation,
we will be able to:
a. Determine how much products will be
produced from a specific amount of
reactants
b. Determine the amount of reactants
needed to produce a specific amount of
products
Stoichiometric Calculations
• Mole to mole
• Mole to mass
• Mass to mass
• Mass to mole
Ammonia, NH3, is a leading industrial chemical used in the
production of agricultural fertilizers and synthetic fibers. It is
produced by the reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen gases:
3H2(g) + N2(g) → 2 NH3(g)

•The balanced equation says that 3 moles

H2 are stoichiometrically equivalent to 1
mole N2 and to 2 moles NH3.
•The ratio of moles H2 to moles NH3 is 3:2;
the ratio of moles N2 to moles NH3 is 1:2.
a. How many moles of NH3 will be produced if 10.4
moles H2 react completely with N2?
Needed: moles H2 → moles NH3
Using, 3H2(g) + N2(g) → 2 NH3(g)
b. How many moles of N2 are needed to produce
42.4 moles NH3?
Mole to Mole
Needed: (moles NH3 → moles N2)
Using, 3H2(g) + N2(g) → 2 NH3(g)
c. How many grams of NH3 will be produced from
25.7 moles N2? MM NH3 = 17.03 g/mol
Mole to Mass
Needed: (moles N2 → moles NH3 → g NH3)
Molar Mass of NH3

Using, 3H2(g) + N2(g) → 2 NH3(g)

d. How many grams of NH3 will be produced if 122 g
N2 reacts completely with H2? MM N2 = 28.02 g/mol
Mass to Mass
Needed: (g N2→moles N2 → moles NH3 →g NH3)
Molar Mass of N2 Molar Mass of NH3

Using, 3H2(g) + N2(g) → 2 NH3(g)

Always remember!
Before you start the calculation
check first if the chemical
equation is balanced.
Solid lithium hydroxide is used to remove
carbon dioxide and is called a CO2
scrubber. This technique has been used
for space vehicles. The reaction is:

2 LiOH(s) + CO2(g) → Li2CO3 (s) + H2O (l)

How many grams of CO2 can be absorbed
by 785.0 g LiOH?
What type of stoichiometric calculation?

Mass to Mass
What are the steps of the solution?
a. Convert grams LiOH to moles LiOH.
b. Get the moles of CO2 stoichiometrically
equivalent to moles LiOH.
c. Convert moles CO2 to grams CO2.
(grams LiOH →moles LiOH → moles CO2 → grams CO2)

Molar Masses: LiOH = 23.949 g/mol CO2 = 44.01 g/mol

2 LiOH(s) + CO2(g) → Li2CO3 (s) + H2O (l)
 Find the mass of H20 produced if 300.0 g of LiOH
were used.
(grams LiOH →moles LiOH → moles H20 → grams H20)
Molar Masses: LiOH = 23.949 g/mol CO2 = 44.01 g/mol
2 LiOH(s) + CO2(g) → Li2CO3 (s) + H2O (l)

300.0 g LiOH = 113 g H2O

Given the balanced chemical equation
below,
4FeS2(s) + 11O2(g) → 2Fe2O3(s) + 8SO2(g)

MMFe2O3= 159.7 g/mol, MMFeS2= 119. 85g/mol,

1. How many grams of Fe2O3 can be produced when 4.00 moles FeS2
were used?
2. How many moles SO2 are produced from the reaction of 11 moles
O2?
3. How many grams FeS2 are used in producing 500.0 g Fe2O3?