Submitted by JAGVENDRA KUMAR YADAV Roll No: 0710440006 B.

Tech IIIrd Yr Mechanical Engineering

A jet engine is a reaction engine that discharges a fast moving jet of fluid to generate thrust in accordance with Newtons Laws of Motion. These typically consist of an engine with a rotary (rotating) air compressor powered by a turbine (Brayton cycle"), with the leftover power providing thrust via a Propelling nozzle.

In 1687 A.D. , Steam jet propelled wagon was developed in Dutch. In 1791 A.D , the gas turbine was patented in the name of John Barber . Sir Frank Whittle ,a British pilot, designed the first turbo jet engine in 1930. The first Whittle engine successfully flew in April, 1937 The first jet airplane to successfully use this type of engine was the German Heinkel He 178 invented by Hans Von Ohain .

Jet Propulsion refers to imparting forward motion to the object ac a reaction to exit of high velocity gas/liquid stream from rear end of the object. It is based on the principle of Newtons second law and third law. To get the propelling thrust for engine , the momentum change occurs in fluid stream such that the reaction to the impulse created by momentum change gives propelling thrust.

8. The hot exhaust gases exit the engine through a tapering exhaustturbine blades chamber, just behind the compressor, the 7. The nozzle. The tapering design helps to accelerate the gases 5. In the combustion are connected to a long axle (represented 3. .The Compressor now squeezes the air of sound, the pressure) 1 For a jet going slower than the speed (increases its engine is tokeroseneof overwith theruns the length turbine blades The at 4.Kerosenemixes gases km/h .The hot ofthe engine fromand aby theexhaust 2100 rush past a set air of the engine. a fuel 6.speedgreen line) that compressed air leaving thefiercely, The (liquid fuel) is squirted into and burns engine moving A fan at the frontThis slowscoldair down byengine.60 by about eight times.atsucks the the air into the about 2. through the air about 1000 km/h .Suppose the engine thegivingis travellingfan are the plane's wing.mixture reaches a compressor and exhaustspinning them . of the cold air entering back off hot the tank gases. The speed to this axle. So, as the over twice the burning in also connected is stationary and the cold air is now about 400 km/h . speed. percent and it's speed moving toward it at this turbine blades frontand that'saroundcompressorplane. fan. it at the spin, they alsoof what powers . temperature turn the 900C the and the

Jet Propulsion Engines

Air Breathing Jet Engines
Continuous air flow Engine Turbojet Engine Turbofan Engine Turboprop Engine Turbojet with after Burner Engine

Non-Air Breathing Jet Engines

Intermittent air flow Engine

Application of various types of jet engines :Vehicles using turbojet engine :

Heinkel He 178-first airbreathing jet aircraft Messerschmitt Me 262 first jet fighter

Vehicles using turbofan engine :

F-15 Eagle RQ-4 Global Hawk

Vehicles using turboprop engine :

Lockheed L-188 Electra Tupolev Tu-95

Vehicles using turbojet with afterburner engine :

Concorde Lockheed Y-15

Hence ,we see that the propulsive efficiency of turbojet engine lies between reciprocating and rocket engines while the specific fuel consumption lies between hydrogen-oxygen rocket and reciprocating propeller engines . But there is scope in design of more efficient engines that use less fuel and generate higher thrust per weight. New material designs that allow higher inlet temperatures.

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