TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MOMBASA

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT IN MEDICAL ENGINEERING
COURSE IN DIPLOMA TECHNOLOGY MEDICAL
ENGINEERING

PROJECT TITLE : AN X-RAY RADIATION EXPOSURE

INDICATOR SYSTEM.

NAME : WAITHIRA JENNIFER REHEMA

REG NO : DTME/118J/2019
INTRODUCTION
Problem Statement
• X-ray radiation exposure indicator system aids in personal radiation monitoring as
an important safety precaution in the practice of radiography.
• Its main purpose is to indicate when exposure is being carried out in radiology
department.
• When radiation exposure is taking place, the doors are usually closed and the
indicator comes on with no alarm. The door is closed manually which is not
efficient due to the forgetful nature of human being. This may lead to free
movement when the door left open and no alarm being activated.
• There is therefore need to put the room under control during this process.
• This project is therefore important because the indicator is turned on with an
alarm and locks the door when the exposure button is turned on.
Purpose Of The Study
• Safety precautions in radiology departments has been a challenge leading to
compromised developments and also inappropriate care.
• I therefore found the need to research on the appropriate solution to this
problem by automating the process control.
• The purpose of this study is to come up with an efficient means of ensuring that
the room is closed with the indicator ON incorporated with the alarm as the
radiation exposure is taking place.
• The study is meant to come up with an efficient and affordable solution to the
health institutions.
Justification
• An x-ray radiation exposure indicator system aids in saving lives since
it will give an immediate signal to ionizing radiation exposure
especially in radiological diagnostic rooms.
• Also, I found the need to conduct thus study after also considering
that there is no similar x-ray radiation exposure indicator system in
existence locally.
• This will ensure minimal doses to radiation exposure and reducing
stochastic effects.
• Coming up with a durable system is of great importance for reliability.
Objectives
MAIN OBJECTIVE
I. To design, construct and test an x-ray radiation exposure indicator
system
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
II. To design an x-ray radiation exposure indicator system by use of audio
and visual.
III. To construct an x-ray radiation exposure indicator system by use of the
control circuit.
IV. To test the functionality of x-ray radiation exposure indicator system
towards the radiology department in the driver circuit.
Block Diagram

POWER SUPPLY

AUDIOVISUAL
ALARM

CONTROL CIRCUIT DRIVER

MULTIVIBRATOR CIRCUIT
CIRCUIT

OPEN
DOOR
I. Power supply
An alternating current (AC) power supply of 240V is used. The power is stepped down bybthe use of a step down transformer
to attain a voltage of 12V, which is the operating voltage for the project. This involves transformer, rectifier circuit and voltage
regulator circuit. This makes sure that the voltage supplied to the circuit is constant regardless of variation in mains supply
power.
II. Control circuit
This gives output on receiving signal from the multivibrator circuit. The output remains high until it is reset.
III. Driver circuit
This powers the audio and visual alarm on receiving signal from the flip-flop. Transistors wired as switch is used.
Audio and visual alarm
This gives an audible sound and light to indicate that exposure procedure is on.
Multivibrator circuit
This consists of mono-stable multivibrator. This recievies an electrical voltage signal from the exposure switch. The output
signal is fed to audio visual alarm and open door.
Specifications
• Supply voltage – 220/240V AC
• Operating voltage – 12V DC
• Max power – 200 watts
• Max current – 1 amp
Action plan
ACTIVITY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
RESEARCH
PROPOSAL PRESENTATION
RESEARCH AND LIT.
REVIEW
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
AND DEVVELOPMENT
REPORT AND
COMPILATION
FINAL PRESENTATION
Expected results