Chapter 3

Density And Specific Gravity

Density is defined as ‘mass per unit volume’.

For example, the mass density of

Fresh Water = 1000 kg per cubic metre or 1.000 tonne/m3

Salt Water = 1025 kg per cubic metre or 1.025 tonne/m3

The specific gravity (SG) or relative density of a substance is defined as

the ratio of the weight of the substance to the weight of an equal volume
of fresh water.

Specific gravity : “S.G”

Relative Density : “R.D” =
density of the substance
density of freshwater
 Specific Gravity : “S.G” Density of the substance
Relative Density : “R.D” = Density of Fresh
Water

The density of FW = 1000 kg per cu. m

Specific Gravity : “S.G” Density of the substance

Relative Density : “R.D” = 1000

 The relative density of salt water = 1025/1000 = 1.025

 The relative density of oil = 900/1000 = 0.9
 The relative density of fresh water = 1000/1000 = 1
Density And Specific Gravity
Density And Specific Gravity
Density And Specific Gravity
Density And Specific Gravity