MIMO AND THROUGHPUT

CALCULATION
DILIP KUMAR M
VEMANA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
What is MIMO ?

 MIMO or Multiple Input Multiple Output is an antenna

technology in 4G LTE that uses multiple antenna elements at the
transmitter and the receiver to improve signal quality and bit
rates. 
MIMO FEATURES OR SCHEMES

 MIMO employs :-

1. Transmit Diversity.
2. Beamforming.
3. Spatial multiplexing.
 All these techniques help us to improve link quality and
data rates
What is Transmit Diversity ?

 Transmit diversity Increasing the robustness of data transmission. In

this case the same data is transmitted redundantly over more than one
transmit antenna. This increases the signal to noise ratio at the receiver.
 It can help overcome the effects of fading, outages, and circuit failures.
What is Beam Forming ?

 If router broadcasts a Wi-Fi signal, it broadcasts the data in all

directions. With beamforming, the router determines where your
device laptop, smartphone, tablet, or whatever else is located and
projects a stronger signal in that specific direction.
What is Spatial Multiplexing ?

In this case data is divided in separate streams, which are then transmitted
simultaneously over the same air interface resources. Spatial MUX can either be
closed loop or open loop.
 Where this in turn Increases the data rate.
 The standard equation given as “ y= H.x + w”
 Where y = received vectors on antenna , x= transmitted vectors
 H= channel transmission matrix(represents the interconnection of antenna)
 w = Noise added during the transmission
Throughput calculation in LTE
Throughput calculation in LTE
 There are 12 sub carriers (rows) and 7 symbol (columns) in the data frame
 One symbol and one subcarrier in a frame makes 1 resource element (RE)
 Hence 12 * 7 = 84 RE in one time slot.

 Based on the type of the modulation technique used

 QPSK 2 bits/symbol
 16 QAM 4 bits/symbol
 64 QAM 6 bits/symbol
EXAMPLE
THANK YOU