CAUSE AND EFFECT

Bahasa Inggris Wajib Kelas XI Semester 2

◦ Cause and Effect is a form of reasoning to reach valid conclusion.
◦ The signal words to show cause are because, for, since, as, because of, due to, etc.
◦ Example : 1. I am happy because I got the best mark on our last English quiz.
2. Rosa could not sing for her throat was sore.
3. The picnic was canceled since it’s raining.
4. As it is raining again, we will have to stay at home.
5. He’s always late because of his gaming habits.
6. The match was canceled due to the bad weather.
◦ Signal words to show effect are therefore, so, thus, so that, consequently, etc.
◦ Example : 1. The President canceled the meeting today; therefore, no decision
can be made until the meeting be held again.
2. We must prepare ourselves earlier so we won’t late tomorrow.
3. We’ve prepared ourselves earlier last night. Thus, we don’t late today.
4. He studied very hard so that he could pass the exam.
S V S V
5. He studied too much until late night. Consequently, he lacks of sleep and
becomes ill.
◦ There are 3 types of linking words.
1. Conjuction
The example of conjunctions are because, as, since and so.
Because, as and since Cause
So Effect
Conjunctions used to join two complete sentences.
Example: I went to the beach. It was a sunny day.
I went to the beach because it was a sunny day.
sentence 1 conjunction sentence 2
- Because it was a sunny day, I went to the beach.
(Jika dibalik harus menggunakan koma (,) diantara kalimat pertama dan kedua)
It was a sunny day, so I went to the beach.
( Gunakan koma (,) sebelum “so”)
2. Transition
The most important transition are therefore, consequently, and as a result Effect
Transition used to join two complete sentences.
Example : It was a sunny day. I went to the beach.
It was a sunny day; Therefore, I went to the beach.
Sentence 1 ; Transition, Sentence 2
OR It was a sunny day. Consequently, I went to the beach.
Sentence 1 . Transition, Sentence 2
3. Preposition
The most important prepositions are due to and because of Cause
Example : The match was canceled. The weather was bad.
The match was canceled due to the bad weather.
Sentence 1 due to Noun Phrase*
OR Because of the bad weather, the match was canceled.
because of Noun Phrase , Sentence 1

*Noun Phrases are groups of words that function like Noun. They consist of Nouns with modifiers.