MS Research Proposal

Title:
Superheated Steam System Optimization
using Evolutioary Algorithms
Table of Contents:
•Introduction
•Problem Statement
•Controllers
•Tuning Methodology
•Nature Inspired Computational techniques
•Research Goals
•Work Plan
•References
 Introduction:
A boiler or a steam generating unit is an integral part of any electric utility plant. It
requires a source of heat at a sufficient temperature level to produce steam. In
generating electric power with a turbo generator, it is much more efficient to use steam
that has been superheated rather than saturated heat.

Pressure Valve

Steam tunnel

Fig. 1 Superheated Steam System Control Unit

 Introduction:

Many control problems in real time are straightforward to control. However there is
a set of control systems that are unstable in nature and a therefore feedback
controller is required to deal with them. Important applications of unstable systems
are:

• Chemical Industries
• Power generation

Fig.2 Superheated Steam System (Schematic Diagram)

 Problem Statement:
Performance comparison like settling time, rise time etc. between different
controllers such as IP and I-PD. Further comparison between the results obtained
from NIC based tuning, ZN and M-ZN tuning will be evaluated. Integral-
Proportional Derivative (I-PD) controller has not been used for this system so it
is a research of great worth.

The aim of this research is to control the temperature of superheated steam system
through following NIC based controllers:
• Integral Proportional (P)
• Integral-Proportional Derivative (I-PD)
 Controllers:
Following controllers will be used for temperature control of this system:

Integral Proportional Controller: To improve the dynamic

performance for transient state and avoid overshoot, the speed control is
confided to an integral plus proportional controller.
𝒕
𝐮 ( 𝒕 )=𝐊𝐩 × 𝐞 ( 𝒕 ) +𝐊𝐢∫ 𝐞 ( 𝝉 ) 𝒅 𝝉
𝟎

e(t) y(t)
Integral (Ki/s) Plant
u(t)

Proportional
(Kp)

Fig. 3 Integral Proportional Controller

 Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Controller:

Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller is used to control the different non-
linear processes in industries. PID has three basic modes Proportional, Integral and
Derivative.

u(t)

e(t)
 Integral Proportional Derivative Controller (I-PD):
I-PD is a modified form of PID controller.

Plant
 Tuning Methodology:
Following tuning methods shall be used for tuning of different
controllers:
• Ziegler Nicholas
• Modified Ziegler Nicholas
• Nature Inspired Computational Techniques
Nature Inspired Computational Techniques:
NIC techniques are soft computing techniques that are used for optimization in
different in linear and non-linear processes. They are also used for tuning of PID
and different controllers. After tuning they can be applied to different processes.
There are various soft computational techniques such as:

•Particle Swarm Optimization

•Genetic Algorithm
• Differential evolution
•Simulated Annealing
Genetic Algorithm:

Figure 5. GA flow chart

Particle Swarm Optimization:

Figure 6. PSO flow chart

Differential Evolution:

Figure 7. DE flow chart

 Research Goals:
• Detail study of different control methods for superheated steam system.
• Mathematical modelling of superheated steam system.
• Analysis and modelling of I-P and I-PD controllers.
• Tuning of various controllers using evolutionary computation such as
Genetic Algorithm (G.A), Particle Swam Optimization (P.S.O), and
Simulated Annealing (SA) etc.
• Comparative analysis between evolutionary computation based tuning, ZN
and Modified-ZN based tuning methods.
References:
 
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THANK YOU