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Let’s
Pray.
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The Normal
Distribution and The
Normal Curve
Unit 3 – Lesson 1
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Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
 Illustrate a normal random variable.

 Locate a given score that lies in a normally distributed set of scores in terms
of its standard deviation.

 Determine the probability density function of a normal distribution given

the mean and standard deviation.

 Construct a normal curve.

 Solve real-life problems involving normal random variable and the normal
curve.
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NORMAL
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What is Normal
Distribution
A normal distribution is a continuous
probability distribution where most of the
scores tend to be closer to the mean.

Example:
The height of people in a population follows a
normal distribution.
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What is Normal
Curve?
The normal curve or bell curve is a graph
that represents the probability density
function of the normal probability
distribution.

The normal curve is also called the Gaussian

curve, named after the mathematician Carl
Friedrich Gauss.
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Normal Curve
A normal curve represents a normal distribution which
is defined by the following probability density function

( )
2
1 𝑥−𝜇
1 −
2 𝜎
𝑓 ( 𝑥 )= 𝑒
𝜎 √2 𝜋
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Example:

Determine the probability density function of a normal

distribution whose mean is and standard deviation is .
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What is Standard
Normal Distribution?

The standard normal distribution the most

common example of a normal distribution
with a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1.
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Interpretation of Scores Using the Mean 𝝁 and

Standard Deviation 𝝈
Scores above the mean:
𝜇+𝜎 is the score one standard deviation above the mean
𝜇+2𝜎 is the score two standard deviations above the mean
𝜇+3𝜎 is the score three standard deviations above the mean

Scores above the mean:

𝜇−𝜎 is the score one standard deviation below the mean
𝜇−2𝜎 is the score two standard deviations below the mean
𝜇−3𝜎 is the score three standard deviations below the mean
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Example:
Determine the approximate location in terms of the standard
deviation of the score 𝑥=75 that lies in a normally distributed
set of scores with a mean of 𝜇=95 and a standard deviation
of 𝜎=7.6.
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The Normal Curve

The graph below represents the normal curve where 𝜇
is the mean and 𝜎 is the standard deviation.
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Empirical Rule
This rule states that the area of the region between one
standard deviation away from the mean is 0.6826, two standard
deviations away from the mean is 0.9544, and three standard
deviations away from the mean is 0.9974.
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Example:
What is the area of the scores in a normally distributed data
that is more than one standard deviation above the mean?
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Step 1:
Shade the region in the normal curve that is more than one
standard deviation above the mean.
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Step 2:
Find the area of the region one standard deviation away from
the mean. By empirical rule, the area of this region is 0.6826.
The shaded area is shown below.
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Step 3:
Since the normal curve is symmetric, we can obtain the area of
the region between the mean and one standard deviation
above the mean by dividing 0.6826 by 2.

To get the area of this region, divide 0.6826 by 2.

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Step 4:
To get the area of the region more than one standard deviation
above the mean, subtract 0.3413 from 0.5 since half of the area
of a normal curve is 0.5.

0.5−0.3413=0.1587
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Skewness
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Practice Activity:

The mean and standard deviation of a normally distributed

scores are 15.8 and 2.2, respectively. Construct the normal
curve of the data.