Department of Electronics And Telecommunication Engineering

SEMESTER:VI
Mini Project Presentation on
“SMART PLANT MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT”
Group Members

Swapna.S.N-1DA19ET046
Anjana.M-1DA20ET401
Niveditha.H.L-1DA20ET408
Tejeshwini.S-1DA20ET411

GUIDED BY
Dr.Yamuna Devi CR
HOD
Dept. of ETE
Dr. A.I.T
 CONTENTS
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Literature survey
• Methodology
• Block Diagram
• Circuit Diagram
• Hardware and software requirements
• Results and discussion
• Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications
• Conclusion and future work
 Abstract
• Plants play a vital role in maintaining the ecological cycle, and thus, to
maintain the plant's proper growth and health, adequate monitoring is
required.
• Hence, the aim of the project is to create a smart plant monitoring system
using automation and internet of things (IOT) technology.
• This technique plays a very important role in the society for every humans
and specially for the physically challenged people. In this project we are
also discussing the wide ranging fluid level control and managing
techniques with central controller based system.
 Introduction
• Indian agriculture is diverse ranging from traditional farming practices
to utilizing modern agricultural technologies. At present most of the
farmers are using a labour-intensive irrigation method, where labour is
required for watering the plants and it takes a lot of time to irrigate the
whole land.
• Technology in agriculture is growing day by day and showing us good
results. IoT plays a major role in the evolution of agriculture towards
technology.
• The main objective of this project is to automate the process of
irrigation using IoT.
• Using IoT in agriculture helps to automate the whole process and save
a lot of time and energy as well. The main reason to automate the
process of irrigation is to save water by giving the right amount of
water for plants using the sensor's data.
• To overcome the excessive flow of water into the fields, the proposed
system has been planned. Using sensors temperature, humidity, and
soil moisture readings are continuously monitored and sent these
values using Rest API to the Blynk application.
• Arduino is a both an open source software library and an open-source
breakout board for the popular AVR micro-controllers. The Arduino
IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is the program used to
write code, and comes in the form of a downloadable file on the
Arduino website.
 Literature survey

(1) SnehaAngal – “Raspberry pi and Arduino Based Automated Irrigation System”

2013 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) - In this system there
will be monitoring of various factors like humidity, temperature and indicating
water level. Using GSM technique transfer of data takes place and messages will be
sent on the mobile of the farmer. It is low budget system which can be further
improvised using technology. It also uses temperature and soil moisture sensors.
(2) Chandan Kumar-2015 International Conference On Electronics And
Communication System by IEEE. In his work forthput a low cost system which can
be affordable by Indian farmers and also to control the water motor automatically
along with detection of where water is needed and in what quantity more using soil
moisture sensor. They used Nod MCU ESP8266, wireless network devices for
sending messages onto the famers mobile phone.
(3) Vaishali S, Suraj S, Vignesh G, Dhivya S and Udhaya Kumar S – “Mobile Integrated
Smart Irrigation Management and Monitoring System Using IOT”, 2017 International
Conference on Communication and Signal Processing-The author’s goal is to govern the
water system for gardens by way of the usage of sensor microcontroller system. on this
device the temperature sensor and soil moisture sensors sends the information to the
microcontroller which assessments the quantity of water needed by vegetation. For further
this system may be used for vegetation and GSM module may be brought in order that the
user can manipulate the machine through mobile phone.

(4) Ms. SwapnaliB.Pawar, Prof. Priti Rajput, Prof. Asif Shaikh – “Smart Irrigation System
Using IOT And Raspberry Pi”, 2018 International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET)-have taken three different pests (Powdery mildew, yellow rust and
aphids) in winter wheat for their observance. The most and the least specific wavelengths for
different diseases have been extracted using RELIEF-F algorithm.
(5) Sandeep Kumar, P. Raja, G. Bhargavi, “A Comparative Study on Modern Smart
Irrigation System and Monitoring the Field by using IOT.”, 2018 International
Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON)-
designed a smart irrigation schedule expert system which helps to calculate various
operations in detail in crop irrigation. It uses parameters from environment as input data
and generates optimal irrigation schedule for the crop type. The only drawback of the
system is that there is no easy interface developed to add new paramters of the crop.

(6) Rishabh Modi, Madhavan P, Karan Veer Mahajan – “Automatic plant leaf disease
detection”, 2019 International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology
(IJEAT)-the author aims to develop a solution for automatic plant leaf disease detection
using analysis of texture tested on various species of plants with a little computational
effort. Diseases are analysed at the initial stage. The identification rate is low which
needs to be optimized to avoid the misclassification of the varying symptoms of the
diseased plant.
(7)Sateesh K.Peddoju- 2020 International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer
Science and Engineering, proposes a mobile vision based plant leaf recognition system
which monitor crop diseases having various patterns. It identifies its appropriate class
which can be used to help the botanical students in their research work. The feature
factor used in the system proposed by the author in this work has a huge computation
cost. Shadow and season affects the quality of the captured image and correct
prediction of the leaf disease.

(8). Laura García, Lorena Parra, Jose M. Jimenez, Jaime Lloret,and Pascal Lorenz –
“IoT Based Smart Irrigation Systems: An Overview on the Recent Trends on Sensors
and IoT Systems for Irrigation in Precision Agriculture”, 2020- In this system there
will be monitoring of various factors like humidity, temperature and indicating water
level. He water system for gardens by way of the usage of sensor microcontroller
system
 Methodology

• This project is designed to monitor, water, and provide security for the plants in
the garden. For this project, we are selecting the Spinach plant as our testing
garden plant.
• Also, this is an IoT based project. It provides you to monitor and control the
system.
• This system consists of different sensors to get data from the plants. They are soil
moisture sensor, temperature and humidity sensor. These sensors are used to take
the data from the plants by monitoring it and make some decisions according to
the inputs. This system has four main operations. They are as follow:
• Operation 1: Obtaining the soil moisture level of surrounding to
water according to the moisture level, the user defines time slot, or
manually user inputs.
• Operation 2: Obtaining From moisture Content in plants,
temperature and humidity of surrounding of plant to monitor the
health
• Operation 3: Detecting the motion around the plants and displaying
notification to the user.
• Operation 4: Obtaining the temperature and humidity levels of the
surroundings and displaying it to the users.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SMART PLANT MONITORING
SYSTEM USING IOT
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
• Node mcu ESP8266
• Soil Moisture Sensor
• PIR Motion Sensor
• DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor
• Relay Module
• Jumpers
• 12V Battery
• Bread Board
• Solenoid valve
 NODE MCU ESP8266
• The Node MCU ESP8266 development board comes with the ESP-12E module
containing ESP8266 chip having Tensilica Xtensa 32-bit LX106 RISC
microprocessor. This microprocessor supports RTOS and operates at 80MHz to
160 MHz adjustable clock frequency. Node MCU has 128 KB RAM and 4MB of
Flash memory to store data and programs. Its high processing power with in-built
Wi-Fi / Bluetooth and Deep Sleep Operating features make it ideal for IOT
projects.
 SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR
The soil moisture sensor is one kind of sensor used to gauge the volumetric content
of water within the soil. As the straight gravimetric dimension of soil moisture
needs eliminating, drying, as well as sample weighting. These sensors measure the
volumetric water content not directly with the help of some other rules of soil like
dielectric constant, electrical resistance, otherwise interaction with neutrons, and
replacement of the moisture content.
 PIR SENSOR
The PIR sensor itself has two slots in it, each slot is made of a special material that
is sensitive to IR. The lens used here is not really doing much and so we see that the
two slots can 'see' out past some distance (basically the sensitivity of the sensor).
When the sensor is idle, both slots detect the same amount of IR, the ambient
amount radiated from the room or walls or outdoors. When a warm body like a
human or animal passes by, it first intercepts one half of the PIR sensor, which
causes a positive differential change between the two halves. When the warm body
leaves the sensing area, the reverse happens, whereby the sensor generates a
negative differential change.
 DHT11 TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The DHT11 is a commonly used Temperature and humidity sensor. The sensor
comes with a dedicated NTC to measure temperature and an 8-bit microcontroller to
output the values of temperature and humidity as serial data. The sensor is also
factory calibrated and hence easy to interface with other microcontrollers. The
sensor can measure temperature from 0°C to 50°C and humidity from 20% to 90%
with an accuracy of ±1°C and ±1%.
 RELAY MODULE
Relay is an electromechanical device that uses an electric
current to open or close the contacts of a switch. The single
channel relay module is much more than just a plain relay, it
comprises of components that make switching and connection
easier and act as indicators to show if the module is powered
and if the relay is active or not.
 Solenoid valve
Solenoid valve is a control units which, when electrically energized or de-
energized, either shut off or allow fluid flow. The actuator takes the form of an
electromagnet. When energized, a magnetic field builds up which pulls a plunger or
pivoted armature against the action of a spring.
 SOFTWARE REQUIRMENTS
• ARDUINO IDE
• BLYNK APPLICATION
 SOFTWARE REQUIRMENTS
• ARDUINO IDE

Arduino IDE is an open-source software, designed by Arduino.cc and

mainly used for writing, compiling & uploading code to almost all
Arduino Modules.
It is an official Arduino software, making code compilation too easy
that even a common person with no prior technical knowledge can get
their feet wet with the learning process.
• BLYNK APPLICATION

Blynk is a new platform that allows you to quickly build interfaces for
controlling and monitoring your hardware projects from your iOS and
Android device. After downloading the Blynk app, you can create a project
dashboard and arrange buttons, sliders, graphs, and other widgets onto the
screen. Using the widgets, you can turn pins on and off or display data from
sensors.
 Results and Discussion

• The proposed system is ready and all the connections required for the sensors and
micro controller are given for proper working of the system and using external
power supply using 5 - 12v battery, motor is connected.
• Now the monitoring process is ready and automatically powers the motor, when the
threshold is reached on the field.
• The data collected from sensors is sent to Blynk app using Representational state
transfer Rest API.
• This Rest API works very efficiently and communicates over HTTP protocol. Blynk
cloud stores data from sensors like soil moisture, temperature, humidity, motion
state, location of the filed.
• The data collected on Blynk cloud is taken and Data set is created with
Temperature, Humidity, and Soil Moisture values. The main purpose of this analysis
is to predict the status of motor based on the sensor data. It is tested with the help of
random data values.
COMPONENTS ASSEMBELED
NOTIFICATION FROM THE BLYNK
APPLICATION
 Advantages, Disadvantages and
Applications
ADVANTAGES:
• Using smart plant monitoring system we can save water.
• Using smart plant monitoring system High rated crops can be protected from theft.
• The Design of system is easy and it is user friendly.
• The System can be built in low cost.
DISADVANTAGES:
1.Using smart plant monitoring system we can face Lack of internet and Wi-Fi.
2.Difficult to understand rural people about IOT and use of smart phone, due to
lack of education.
3.Using smart plant monitoring system Lack of power supply occur in rural
areas.

APPLICATIONS:

1. Smart Plant Monitoring system can be used in Precision Farming.

2. Smart Plant Monitoring system helps in Agricultural Drones.
3. Livestock is monitored using Smart Plant Monitoring system.
4. Smart Greenhouses can be formed using Smart Plant Monitoring system.
 Conclusion and Future Work

Conclusion:
The concept of IOT technology used to connect devices for collecting information.
Improvements in agriculture for rural and urban areas are rising in recent decades with
the help of digital technology. Presently available sensors are used to get possible
outcome. The server based web app is developed which is free anytime and anywhere
when system has connection with internet. This system will optimize the resources in
plant area. The installation cost is tolerable as compared to large instruments. Totally
this proposed system solves major issues of the agriculture field.
In future work, improvement in various agricultural applications will be done and how
to do rain water harvesting in the agriculture field.
FUTURE WORK
The performance of the system can be further improved in term of the operating
speed, memory capacity and instruction cycle period of the microcontroller by using
another highend controller. The number of channels can be increased to interface a
greater number of sensors which is possible by using advanced versions of
controllers. The system can be modified with the use of a data logger and a
graphical LCD panel or using Blynk API to show the measured sensor data over a
period of time. this device can be made to perform better by providing the power
supply with the help of renewable sources. Time bound administration of fertilizer,
insecticides and pesticides can be introduced. A water meter can be installed to
estimate the amount of water used for irrigation and thus giving a cost estimation
and a solenoid valve can be used for varying then volume of water flow.