Supply Chain

Management

Dr. Naveed Mushtaq

Introduction
Introduction
Components

Components
 Objectives of SC
1. Maximize the overall value created

2. Supply chain value: the difference between what the final

product is worth to the customer and the effort the supply
chain expends in filling the customer’s request

Value is correlated to supply chain profitability (the

Revenue Generated by Customer –Overall cost across the
supply chain

Objectives
bjectives of SC
1. Maximize the overall value created

2. Supply chain value: the difference between what the final

product is worth to the customer and the effort the supply
chain expends in filling the customer’s request

Value is correlated to supply chain profitability (the

Revenue Generated by Customer –Overall cost across the
supply chain

Objectives of SC
 Objectives of SC
Example

Dell Received Supply Chain

2000$ as Incur Cost Supply Chain
Revenue from Information, storage,
transportation, components,
Profit
Customer assembly, etc.

 Supply chain profitability is the total profit to be shared across all stages of the supply chain
 Supply chain success should be measured by total supply chain profitability, not profits at an
individual stage

Objectives of SC
 Objectives of SC
 Sources of supply chain revenue: the customer

 Sources of supply chain cost: flows of information, products, or funds between stages of the supply
chain

Supply chain management is the management of flows between and among supply chain
stages to maximize total supply chain profitability
Supply Chain Integration Strategy
 Forward Vs
Backward Integration
What is Forward Integration?

Forward integration is a strategy where the company gains control of the business activities that are ahead in the value chain. This
is a type of vertical integration of the supply chain.

Removing the middleman”. Manufacturers may skip the wholesalers/retailers in the value chain to sell directly to customers.

 Bata: is an example, imagine that a company produces shoes and it opens its shoe retail outlet as well. So the company will
directly sell its designs to customers instead of selling them through other retail stores

 Nike introduces Direct-to-Consumer Sales since 2011

 Apple opens it own Retail Outlets (Recent in India)

 Forward Vs Backward Integration

What is Backward Integration?

Backward integration is a strategy where the company gains control of the

business activities that were behind in its value chain. The company gains
control over the raw materials using the backward integration method.

• Netflix started its Own Production and Shows

• Amazon started “Amazon Publishing”
• Acer acquires stake in a venture of Texas Instruments
 Push and Pull View of Supply Chain Process

Procurement, Customer Order

Manufacturing and Cycle
Replenishment cycles

PUSH PROCESSES PULL PROCESSES

Customer
Push: execution is initiated in Order Arrives
Pull: execution is initiated in
anticipation of customer orders
response to a customer order
(speculative)
(reactive)

Push& Pull View of SC

 Cycle View of Supply Chain Process

Cycle View of SC
pply Chain Management Process

5 Steps in Supply Chain Management Process

Source
Deliver

Plan Execute Return

Process
SC -Planning
• A good supply Chain plan answers all of the “who, what, when, where, and why" questions
involved in serving customers.
• Supply chain planning works in tandem with demand planning.

• Data-driven demand plan. trends, specific holidays, geographical location, customer interest,

brand awareness, and more
• Supply chain planning incorporates everything from manufacturing and distribution to
procurement and resource management and takes into account multiple factors, including the
availability of raw materials and employee responsibilities.
• Today Supply Chain Planning is Getting Smarter

SC Planning
SC -Planning
Must consider in planning decisions demand uncertainty, exchange rates, and competition over
the time horizon

Planning decisions:
 Which markets will be supplied from which locations
 The planned buildup of inventories
 Subcontracting, backup locations
 Inventory policies
 Timing and size of market promotions
 Outsourcing
Etc.

SC Planning
SC-Sourcing
My Best Supplier/Suppliers
• Sourcing is the process of vetting, selecting, and managing suppliers for organizations’
day-to-day running.

•Sourcing is tasked with carrying out research, creating and executing strategy, defining
quality and quantity metrics, and choosing suppliers that meet these criteria.

•Establishing long-term relations.

SC- Sourcing
 Types of Sourcing

  Outsourcing

  Insourcing

 Near-sourcing

 Low-cost Country Sourcing (LCCS)

 Global Sourcing

 Few or many Suppliers

SC- Sourcing
SC-Manufacturing

The manufacturing phase focuses on transforming the raw

materials and components into finished products through
production and assembly processes.

It involves tasks like production scheduling,

managing work orders, and ensuring quality control

SC- Manufacturing
SC-Delivery

It generally involves coordinating customer orders, scheduling

deliveries, dispatching loads, invoicing customers, and
receiving payments.

SC- Delivery
SC-Return

• The return phase, also known as reverse logistics, deals with handling product returns, repairs,
or replacements.

• This phase involves managing customer returns, recycling or disposing of products, and
addressing any warranty or after-sales service issues.

SC-Return
 RESEARCH INTEREST

• SUSTANABILITY
• SUPLLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT & INNOVATION
• HRM/HR ANALYTICS
• TQM

Dr. Naveed Mushtaq

 Publications In Years 2022-2023

• He, W., Mushtaq, N. & Jan, L. Unlocking the dual black box of GHRMP & EGOC for sustainable environmental
performance in developing economies: can green workplace behavior and green passion transmit the real change?. Environ
Dev Sustain (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03286-x *Impact Factor 4.080

• Liu, J., Gao, X., Cao, Y., Mushtaq, N., Chen, J., & Wan, L. (2022). Catalytic Effect of Green Human Resource Practices on
Sustainable Development Goals: Can Individual Values Moderate an Empirical Validation in a Developing
Economy? Sustainability, 14(21), 14502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114502 *Impact Factor 3.889

• Muhammad Fahad Anwar, Wai Peng Wong, Nor Hasliza Saad, Naveed Mushtaq (2022). Data analytics and global logistics
performance: an exploratory study of informatization in the logistics sector. Logforum 18 (2), 1. DOI
10.17270/J.LOG.2022.664 (Scopus)
 RESEARCH PLAN

Year 1: Planned Publications: At least 2

Potential Paper 1: The Impact of HR Analytics on Firm Supply

 Potential Paper 2: Assessing the Barriers to the Growth of
Chain Performance. A Study of Pharmaceutical Firms of Pakistan.
the Fresh Produce Supply Chain Entrepreneurs in Pakistan Using
Target Journal: Journal of Management the Fuzzy DEMATEL Approach
(Impact Factor 13.50)
Target Journal: Sage Open
Start Date: March 2023 (Impact Factor 2.032)
Expected Completion: November 2023
Start Date: May 2023
Expected Completion: December 2023

Grant Applications: Grant Applications:

Internal: NA Internal: NA
External: NA External: NA

Research in Progress: Submission to Journal Pending

Research in Progress: Submission to Journal Pending
 RESEARCH PLAN

Year 1: Planned Publications: At least 2

Potential Paper 1: The Impact of HR Analytics on Firm Supply  Potential Paper 2: Assessing the Barriers to the Growth of
Chain Performance. A Study of Pharmaceutical Firms of Pakistan. the Fresh Produce Supply Chain Entrepreneurs in Pakistan
Using the Fuzzy DEMATEL Approach
Target Journal: Journal of Management
(Impact Factor 13.50)
Target Journal: Sage Open
(Impact Factor 2.032)
Start Date: March 2023
Expected Completion: November 2023
Start Date: May 2023
Expected Completion: December 2023

Grant Applications: Grant Applications:

Internal: NA Internal: NA
External: NA External: NA

Research in Progress: Submission to Journal Pending Research in Progress: Submission to Journal Pending
 RESEARCH PLAN

Year 2: Planned Publications: At least 2

 Potential Paper 2: Exploring the Role of International  Potential Paper 3: The Magic conveyor belt: Digital
Quality & Safety Standards for Export Performance of Sea Technologies as Immune to Supply Chain Resilience; Maximizing
Food Supply Chain Entrepreneurial SMEs: A Comparative the Resilience Impact through Memory and AC during Uncertainty.
Study between Developing
And Developed Economy (Joint Collaboration) Target Journal: Supply Chain Management: An International
Journal
Target Journal: International Journal of Production and (Impact Factor 4.7)
Operations Management
(Impact Factor 9.36) Start Date: December 2023
Expected Completion: June 2024
Start Date: Dec 2023
Expected Completion: April 2024 Grant Applications:
•Internal: Required
Grant Applications: •External: NA
Internal: NA
External: Required for Survey in Malaysia
 RESEARCH PLAN

Project: Year 1-3

Critical Analysis of E-Waste and Recycling Management: A Post Covid-19 Survey in Pakistan

  Grant Applications:
•Internal: Higher Education Commission of Pakistan
•External: Required (In Case of Joint Collaboration)

Start Date: February 2023

Expected Completion: February 2025
 Book : Year 2022--2025
Research Plan Continued
• Book Title: Introduction to Supply Chain
Management: A Historical Perspective
•Authors:
Associate Prof. Dr. Devika Nadarajah
Putra Business School, Putra, Malaysia
 
Assistant Prof. Dr. Naveed Mushtaq
Malik Firoz Khan Noon Business School
 
•Proposed Book Publishers: Sage
• Grant for Publishing: Higher Education Commission of
Pakistan (3500USD)