Applied Biomechanics

Kine 4540
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of
Motion

How do we Describe Motion ?????

Specific Terms

In Relationship to fixed objects

In Relationship to a coordinate system

Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of
Motion

Terminology

Flexion Elevation Anterior

Extension Depression Posterior
Pronation Medial Superficial
Supination Lateral Deep
Abduction Superior Cephlad
Adduction Inferior Caudal
Inversion Proximal Dorsal
Eversion Distal Ventral
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of
Motion

With reference to Fixed Objects

Theoretical Planes

Movements are described as occurring

within specific planes

Examples
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of
Motion
What is Motion ????
What Causes Motion ????
How is Motion Classified ????
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion

Translatory (Linear) Motion

 All points on an object

move in the same
direction and at the
same speed
* Rectilinear
* Curvilinear
 Units ???
 Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion
Rotary (Angular) Motion

 Rotation about a fixed

point (axis of rotation)
 Fixed point ????
 Points on an object move
different distances in the
same amount of time
 units
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of
Motion

Motions Occur Within a Plane

Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of
Motion
What is a Plane ????
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of
Motion

With reference to Fixed Objects

Theoretical Planes

Frontal
Sagittal
Horizontal
* Diagonal
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion

The Direction of Motion is Parallel to the

Surface of the Plane

Sagittal Frontal Transverse

Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion

When Rotary Motion is involved, the axis around which the

motion occurs is perpendicular to the plane
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of
Motion
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of
Motion

Frontal Axis Vertical Axis Sagittal Axis

Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion

Identifying Joint Axes – Why ????

Visualization of Movement
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion

Identifying Joint Axes – Why ????

Calculation of Important Quantities
Angular Motion
Linear Motion of Points
Torques

6-13
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion
Review

Types of Motion:

Linear
*Rectilinear
*Curvilinear

Angular (rotary)

General Motion
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion
Review

Planes of Motion:

Frontal
Sagittal
Transverse (Horizontal)
Diagonal
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion
Review

Axes of Rotation:

Frontal – sagittal plane motion

Sagittal – frontal plane motion
Vertical – transverse plane motion
Diagonal = diagonal plane motion
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion
Review

Terms:

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Supination
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion
Review

Anatomical Structures:

Types of Articulations
Bones
Ligaments
Tendons
Muscles
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion
Examples

Type of Motion –
Plane of Motion –
Axes of Rotation –
Descriptive term –
Anatomical Structures -
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion
Examples

Type of Motion –
Plane of Motion –
Axes of Rotation –
Descriptive term –
Anatomical Structures -
Biomechanics
Kinematics – The Description of Motion
Examples

Type of Motion –
Plane of Motion –
Axes of Rotation –
Descriptive term –
Anatomical Structures -