Medium and Technique

of the Arts
Medium
 Refers to materials which the artists use to
objectify their feeling or thought
- pigment in painting
- stone or wood and metal in sculpture
- sounds in music
- body movement in dance
Medium

 The nature of the medium determines the

way it can be manipulated and turned into a
work of art as well as what can be expressed
through it.
Technique

 It refers to the process, or a method of using

the medium in manner an artist wishes to
finish an artwork.
Visual Arts

 Those whose medium can be seen and

occupy space
 The Mediums of Visual Arts in 2-D

 Watercolor  Acrylic
 Fresco  Charcoal
 Tempera  Crayons
 Pastel and Chalk  Mosaic
 Encaustic  Stained glass
 Oil  Tapestry
 Watercolor
A simple coloring
medium.
Has less luminous
effect when applied
but easy to use
 Fresco
A paint on a moist
plaster surface
applied with lime
water mixture
 Tempera
A mineral pigments
mixed with egg yolk
or egg white and ore
 Pastel
Dry pigments held
together by a gum
binder and
compressed stick
 Encaustic
Used by Egyptian in
the portrait of face as
in the case of
community
Done with wax
colors by the use of
heat
 Oil
Pigments mix with
linseed oil and
applied in canvass
Expensive, flexible,
glossy, dries slowly
but last long
 Acrylic
A medium used
widely by painters
these days because
of the characteristics
of transparency and
quick drying
 Charcoal
Made from
carbonized materials
from heating wood
 Crayons
Pigments bound by
wax and compressed
into painted sticks
used by students
 Mosaic
A picture decoration
which are cut small
pieces of colored
stones or glass and
glued and pasted on
a surface with
cement or plaster
 Stained Glass
A combination of
small pieces of
colored glass held
together by hands of
lead
 Tapestry
A fabric consisting of warp
where colored threads are
woven to make designs
Used in wall hangings or
furniture cover
 The Mediums of Visual Arts in 3-D
 Stone  Copper
 Granite  Gold
 Marble  Silver
 Jade  Lead
 Ivory  Plaster
 Metal  Clay
 Bronze brass  Glass
 Wood
 Stone Granite

Igneous rock
Hard substance composed of feldspars
formed from mineral and quartz
and earth material Quiet difficult to chisel
 Marble

Limestone in more or less crystalline state and is

capable of taking a high polish
Easier to carve than granite
 Jade
Fine, colorful stone usually green, and used widely
in Ancient China.
Ornamental stone for carving an fashioning jewelry
 Ivory Copper

Comes from the main Has a peculiar

parts of the tasks of brilliance
elephants Used as a casting
medium
 Metals

Include any class of elementary substances

Characterized by capacity, ductility, conductivity
and peculiar luster when freshly fractured
 Bronze

By product of metal consisting of copper and tin

with color
Strong, durable, and resistant to any atmospheric
corrosion
 Brass Gold and Silver

Used as casting
An alloy of copper and materials for small
zinc objects like medals,
Does not rust and it coins and pieces of
takes a brilliant polish jewelry
 Lead Clay

Bluish gray metal used Natural earthy

for casting and forging material that has
nature of plasticity
when wet
 Plaster

Composition of lime, sand, and water

Used extensively for making manikins, models,
molds, architectural decorations and other indoor
sculpture.
 Glass Wood

Hard, brittle,
noncrystalline, more
Easier to carve than
or less transparent
any other mediums
substances produced
available
by fusion
Techniques
Blowing Etching
Techniques

Printing Transfer Design

Techniques
Tinkering Splattering
Techniques
Throwing Coloring
Techniques
Flowing Cutting
Auditory Arts
• Those whose medium can be heard and
express in time. These includes music and
literature.
Music
• The medium is sound.
• Basically, music deals with sound which is
produced by man and the human voice and
by most musical instruments.
Four Groups of Musical Instruments
1. Stringed instruments
2. Woodwinds instruments
3. Brass instruments
4. Percussion instruments
Stringed Instruments
Woodwind Instruments
Brass Instruments
Percussion Instruments
Literature
• The medium is words. Its techniques
include:
- simile - flashbacks
- metaphor - foreshadowing
- imagery - motif
- symbolism - allegory
Combined Arts
• Those whose medium can be both seen and
heard, and these exist in both space and
time.
Combined Arts
• It is where different artforms interact and
create something new and exciting across
outdoor arts, carnival, festivals, spectacle,
interdisciplinary work, live art, and
participatory and social art practice.
Combined Arts
• Includes performing arts, dance, drama,
opera, and movies.
 Drama Mediums
• Costume • Set and props
• Mask and make up • Movement, mime
• Sound and music and gesture
• Lighting • Voice
• Space, levels, and • Spoken language
proxemics
 Techniques of Art Production and Presentation

• Realism • Dadaism
• Abstraction • Futurism
• Symbolism • Surrealism
• Fauvism • Expressionism
Realism

• In painting, this is the attempt to portray the

subject as it is.
Print
 A form of duplicating
 In the process of printmaking it involves the
preparation of a master image on a plate
which may be made of metal, wood or stone
from which the impression is taken.
Print
 Each print is considered an original work,
not merely a reproduction
Printing
 In art, this means reproduction. A single
design is made to be multiplied.
Major Processes of Printmaking
 Relief printing
 Intaglio printing
 Planagraphic priting
 Stencil process
Relief Printing
 A process of cutting away a portion in a
design which is not needed
Intaglio Printing
 The process in the preparation of the
impression is the opposite of those of relief
printing
Intaglio Printing
Scratched Etched
Planagraphic Printing
 Done by cutting out a paper, cardboard or
metal sheet so when ink is rubbed over it
 Fundamentally multicolor process
 silkscreen
Photography
 An actual likeness of the design
 It s the use of camera to produced the
desired copy
 Literally drawing or writing with light