SOCIAL CLASSES

IN THE
PHILIPPINES
PRE-COLONIAL
 GROUP
MEMBE
GROUP 8

RS
DARYL KAY TAYTAY
CAREL MAE TEATRO
ADA MIL UYAN
PRINCESS SUZY ZULITA
2
 CLASSES AS TO OCCUPATION:
GROUP 8

❏ MAGINOO - Leaders
❏ TIMAWA - Commoners
❏ MAHARLIKA - Warriors
❏ ALIPIN - Servants

3
GROUP 8

MAGINOO
Royal, Educated, and Privileged class

4
GROUP 8

A.ORDER IN THE SOCIETY

➔ Ruling/Top Class

5
GROUP 8

B. ADDRESSES
➔ “Ginoo” for Men
➔ “Dayang” for Women

6
 C. vs Other Classes
GROUP 8
➢ MAGINOO vs TIMAWA
- The former does not pay taxes, the latter is obligated
to do so
➢ MAGINOO vs MAHARLIKA
- The former rules, the latter defends the barangay
➢ MAGINOO vs ALIPIN
- The former is to be served, the latter serves
7
GROUP 8
D. PANGINOON
➔ Powerful maginoo who ruled over a
large number of dependents and slaves,
owned extensive property, and whose
lineage was impeccable.
8
GROUP 8
TIMAWA
Timawa was one of the three social native
Filipinos before the arrival of Spanish
conquerors. They represent the middle class in
society, between the datu and nobility and the
slaves. They are the majority members of the
barangays. They are also called “timagua”.

9
 ◈ Timawa are the freemen, they were the common
GROUP 8
people.
◈ They came from the children of the datu and his
timawa wives and slaves.
◈ Some where born free when some were former slaves
◈ They have the right to choose their jobs and right to
own properties
◈ Expected to be completely loyal to their Datu 10
GROUP 8
They offer the datu service such as:
◈ Building houses
◈ Rowing boats
◈ Fighting

11
 In return they also receive protection
GROUP 8
against enemies and assistance such as:
● Opportunity to participate in trade
● Borrow or lend money
● Buy slaves
● Use land covered by their barangay

12
GROUP 8
MAHARLIKA
The Maharlika were the feudal warrior
class in ancient Tagalog society in Luzon
the Philippines translated in Spanish as
“hidalgos” meaning freeman, “libres” or
freedman.

13
 Difference between Timawa and
Maharlika
GROUP 8
❖ Unlike the Timawa, however, the Maharlika were more
military oriented
❖ The warriors could change allegiance by marriage or by
emigration. “moving or marrying into the new community”
❖ They are required to host a feast in honor of their current datu
and paid a sum ranging from 6 to 18 pieces of gold before they
could be freed from their obligations.

14
 In times of war
GROUP 8
❖ They are obligated to provide and prepare weapons at their
own expense and answer the summons of the Datu, wherever
and whenever they might be, in exchange for a share in the
war spoils (ganima)
❖ ⅕ of the spoils goes to the Ginoo and ⅘ will be shared among
the Maharlikans who participated, who in turn will subdivide
their shares to their own warriors.
❖ They may also occasionally be obligated to work on the lands
of the Datu.
15
GROUP 8
ALIPIN
Refers to the lowest social class among the
various cultures of the Philippines before the
arrival of the Spanish in the 16th and 17th
centuries.

In visayan language, it is “orupun”,

“uripon”, or “ulipon”
16
GROUP 8
THE CONCEPT OF ALIPIN
★ It relies on a complex system of obligation
and repayment through labor

17
 TYPES OF ALIPIN
1. Tinubos
GROUP 8
❏ PARENTS - ginlubos
➔ Acquired status through ❏ CHILDREN - lubos nga oripun
debt
1. Saya 4. Partial Alipin
➔ Complex system of ➔ Child of a timawa and alipin
rules dependent on the ❏ HALF ALIPIN
offspring’s condition. - Child of the alipin
- by months
3. Gintubo ❏ QUARTER ALIPIN
➔ Who inherits the debts - Grandchild of the alipin
of their parents. - By quarter
18
THANK
YOU
FOR
LISTENI
NG!