Your Skeletal System

Third Grade Science

4th Quarter
 Bones
• Your bones are part of
your skeleton.
• Your bones give your
body support. Without
your bones you could not
sit or stand, walk or run,
skate, or swim.
• Your bones protect the
important organs in your
body.
 Bones

• Your bones protect

the important organs
in your body.
• The skull protects the
brain. It is like a hard
hat.
• Your ribs protect the
heart, lungs, and
stomach.
 Interesting Facts

• You were born with 300 bones. By the

time you graduate from high school you
will have 206 bones.
• How many more bones did you have when
you were born than you will have when
you graduate?
 Speedy Bone Facts

• The femur is the thigh bone. It is the

largest bone in the body.
• The shortest bone is in your middle ear. It
is called the stirrup, or stapes.
• More than half the bones in your body are
in your hands and feet.
• Humans have the same number of neck
bones as giraffes and mice.
 Bones

• Bones are made of cells.

• Bones are living parts of your body that
grow and change just as you do.
• You began your life with 300 bones. As
you grow your bones fuse together. How
many bones will you have when you
graduate?
 A Closer Look at Bones

• The outside of the bone is hard. It is made

up of living bone cells that form rings
around tiny canals through which blood
vessels pass.
• The inside is a honeycomb of bone cells
with spaces between them. This is called
spongy bone.
• Minerals are stored inside the bone.
 A Closer Look at Bones

• The hollow centers of many bones are

filled with jellylike red and yellow marrow.
• Yellow marrow stores fat and releases it
when it is needed elsewhere in the body.
• Red marrow is a tissue that makes red
and white blood cells and platelets.
 A Closer Look at Bones

• Red bone marrow makes up to five

thousand million red bloods cells and
thousands upon thousands of white blood
cells and platelets each day.
 A Closer Look at Bones

• Red blood cells are

the cells that carry
oxygen throughout
the body.
 A Closer Look at Bones

• White blood cells are

the cells that fight
disease and infection.
 A Closer Look Inside

• The platelets help the blood to clot after

injury.
 Bone Connection

• Bones are connected together by

ligaments at the joints.
• Cartilage is another kind of connective
tissue found in joints and at the ends of
bones.
• Bones are moved by muscles that are
attached to them
 What is a skeleton?

• The skeleton is a
column of interlinked
bones, with two legs
attached at the
bottom and two arms
and a skull attached
at the top.
 The Skull

• The skull is a bony case that supports and

protects the brain and some of the body’s
sense organs, such as the eyes and ears.
• There are twenty-nine different bones in
the skull.
• The part of the skull that surrounds the
brain is called the cranium.
 The SKull

• Fourteen facial bones form the framework

for the eyes, nose, cheekbones, and upper
and lower jaw.
• Upper jaw is called the maxilla.
• Lower jaw is called the mandible.
• The lower jaw can move from side to side
and up and down.
 Backbone
• Your backbone, or spine is a flexible
column of bones that runs sown the
middle of your body.
• It is made up of thirty-three small bones
called vertebrae
 Rib Cage

• Your rib cage forms a

protective shell for
some of your most
important organs,
including your heart,
lungs, stomach, and
liver.
Collarbone and Shoulder Bone
 Hands

• The hand has twenty-

seven bones in three
groups: the phalanges
in the fingers and
thumbs, the carpals in
the wrist, and the
metacarpal in the
palm.
 Hands

• There are fourteen finger bones – three in

each finger and two in each thumb.
• The joints in the fingers are called
knuckles.
• The wrist is made up of eight small bones
arranged in two rows and held tightly with
ligaments.
• Five long bones make up the palm.
 Names of Bones

• Femur – thigh bone

• Pelvis - hip bone
• Cranium – skull
• Ulna-Radius– lower arm bones
• Humerus – upper arm bone
 Closing

• Read the book Bones Our Skeletal System

to learn more interesting facts about the
skeletal system.
• Write down five facts that you have
learned about your bones.