KELVIN PAUL BAMBA PANUNCIO

WHAT IS BUDDHISM?
THE ELEMENTS OF THERAVADA
BUDDHISM:
a. Founder: Siddhartha Gautama
(563-483 B.C.)
b. Sacred texts: Tripitaka
c. Doctrines: Four Noble Truths and
Eight-fold Path
d. God: Non-theistic
e. Issue: Territory conflict in
Mainland Southeast Asia
SOUTHEAST
ASIA
 BRANCH OF BUDDHISM
 Theravada, the most ancient form of Buddhism, is the
dominant school in Southeast Asia (Thailand,
Myanmar/Burma, Cambodia, and Laos). Its name translates
to "Doctrine of the Elders," and it centers around the Pali
scriptures, transcribed from the oral tradition taught by the
Buddha. By studying these ancient texts, meditating, and
following the eightfold path, Theravada Buddhists believe
they will achieve Enlightenment. Strong emphasis is also
placed on the monastic community and on heeding the advice
of the wise.
WHAT DID
THE
BUDDHA
TEACH?
 THE
FOUR
NOBLE
TRUTH
The truth The first This is an
of truth is that irrefutable
suffering life is fact that
(Dukkha) suffering. cannot be
denied.

WHAT IS THE FIRST NOBLE

TRUTH?
 The second truth is
that suffering is WHAT IS
caused by craving
and aversion. THE
SECOND
Wanting deprives NOBLE
us of contentment
and happiness.
TRUTH?
 The third truth is
The truth of that suffering can We then have
be overcome and more time and
the cessation happiness can be energy to help
of suffering attained; that true others. This is
(Nirodha) happiness and
Nirvana
contentment are
possible.

WHAT IS THE THIRD

NOBLE TRUTH?
The truth of the path The fourth truth is that
the Noble 8-fold Path
to the cessation of is the path which leads
suffering (Magga) to the end of suffering.

WHAT IS THE FOURTH

NOBLE TRUTH?
 Right
Right Intention Right Speech Right Action
Understanding

Right Right
Right Livelihood Right Effort
Mindfulness Concentration

GROUP ACTIVITY: EXPLAIN

THE FOLLOWING WORDS.
 WHAT IS THE
NOBLE 8-FOLD
PATH?

 a detailed discussion
about is found in
Dhammacakkappav
attanna sutta (The
discourse on the
wheel of Dhamma)
 The Noble 8-fold Path is being

IN
moral (through what we say, do
and our livelihood),
 Focusing the mind on being fully
SUMM aware of our thoughts and actions,
 and developing wisdom by
ARY understanding the Four Noble
Truths and by developing
compassion for others.
 The term "Middle Way" was used in
the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta,
which the Buddhist tradition regards to be
the first teaching that the Buddha
delivered after his awakening. In this
sutta, the Buddha describes the 
Noble Eightfold Path as the middle way of
moderation, between the extremes of
sensual indulgence and self-mortification.
ASSIGNMENT
Give examples of situations that
demonstrate cravings which may
lead to suffering according to
Theravada Buddhism
 9.1. State the Four Noble Truths and the Eight-fold path
 9.2. Give examples of situations that demonstrate cravings
which may lead to suffering according to Theravada Buddhism
 9.3. Explain: The core teaching of Theravada Buddhism is that
life is suffering; suffering is due to craving; there is a way to
overcome craving; and the way to overcome craving is the
Eight-fold Path, the Middle Way (between pleasure and
mortification).
 9.4. Evaluate the Eight-fold Path in terms of how it achieves
the Middle Way
THE LEARNER DEMONSTRATES
UNDERSTANDING OF THE ELEMENTS OF
MAHAYANA BUDDHISM:
a. Founder: Siddhartha Gautama (563-483 B.C.)
b. Sacred texts: Sutras
c. Doctrines: Four Noble Truths, Eight-fold Path, The Six Perfections to
become a Bodhisattva (generosity, morality, patience, perseverance,
meditation, and insight)
d. God: non-theistic
e. Issues: Tibet invasion, Engaged activism
f. Universality and growth of sects: Development of Buddhism to Zen
(Chan) Buddhism as the fruit of its encounter with Taoism
 Mahayana Buddhists teach that
enlightenment can be attained in a single
lifetime, and this can be accomplished even
by a layperson. The Mahāyānatradition is
the largest major tradition
of Buddhismexisting today, with 53.2% of
practitioners, compared to 35.8% for
Theravada and 5.7% for Vajrayana in 2010.
THE THREE LEVELS OF PERFECTION OF MAHAYANA
BUDDHISM (MORAL DISCIPLINE, CULTIVATION OF
VIRTUE, AND ALTRUISTIC CONDUCT)
THE MORAL DISCIPLINE
 The moral discipline of restraint vows to abandon vice, keeps in mind the
negative consequences of vicious acts, and maintains fidelity to the vow.
 The moral discipline of gathering virtuous dharmas gathers merit by
intentionally choosing to act in accordance with one of the six perfections —
joyful effort, generosity, patience, moral discipline, concentration and wisdom
— and by engaging in what are known as “the precious, noteworthy Dharma
actions.
 The moral discipline of benefiting others also blocks non-virtue by keeping
one busy in the activity of helping others.
CULTIVATION OF VIRTUE
"The Six Perfections, or paramitas, are guides
for Mahayana Buddhist practice. They
are virtues to be cultivated to strengthen
practice and bring one to enlightenment. The
Six Perfections describe the true nature of an
enlightened being, which is to say they are our
own true nature.
 ALTRUISTIC CONDUCT
 In fact, the essence of Buddhism is to wish for all beings to be free from
suffering and to be happy . This is not found in any other religions or
doctrines. Some people might think: “ Since it is basically impossible,
this mentality is not necessarily all that noble”. But in reality, regardless
whether or not it is doable, the merit of arousing such Bodhichitta is
enormous. As it is stipulated in the “Jewel Heap Sutra (Ratnakūṭa
Sutra)”, if Bodhichitta has color and form, it cannot even be contained
by the entire realm of space. Furthermore,
“Vīradatta(gṛhapati)paripṛcchā (sūtra)” also states that with Bodhichitta,
we will be able to cure all sentient beings’ psychological ailment and
give them ultimate happiness
THE SIX PERFECTIONS IN
PRACTICE
Each of the Six Perfections supports the other five, but
the order of the perfections is significant also.
For example, the first three perfections--generosity,
morality, and patience--are virtuous practices for
anyone. The remaining three--energy or zeal,
meditation, and wisdom--are more specifically about
spiritual practice.
 GENEROSITY
Dāna Pāramī : Perfection of Generosity,
Giving of Oneself, Donating, Giving,
Generosity, Liberality, Charity, Sharing,
Altruism, Hospitality, Caritas  
COMPARATIV
E ANALYSIS
AND SIMILARITIES
OF HINDUISM,
THERAVADA
BUDDHISM AND
MAHAYANA
BUDDHISM
 THAT HINDUISM,
THERAVADA
BUDDHISM AND
MAHAYANA
BUDDHISM SHARE
COMMON ROOTS
 THERAVADA
BUDDHISM AND
MAHAYANA
BUDDHISM, AS VEDIC
RELIGIONS, HAVE
LARGELY
INFLUENCED THE
COMPARE THEM IN
THE ASPECTS OF
ORIGIN, MORALITY,
PURPOSE, DESTINY,
AND VIEWS ON
WOMEN