CALCITE

• It is a rock-forming mineral.
• It has an optical property called birefringence, which means
double refraction.
• Considered a “ubiquitous mineral” found everywhere.
• Calcite doesn’t have magnetism and no effervescence.
• Serves as one of the largest carbon repositories on Earth.
• Calcite is transparent (Iceland Spar) to opaque and may show
phosphorescence.
• Calcite is a carbonate mineral, it can dissolve with most forms
of acid. Temperature, PH, and ion concentrations in the water
can affect its rate of dissolution.
• Calcite belongs to the calcite group of minerals, a group of
related carbonates that are isomorphous with one another.
• Calcite is the principal mineral of the rock group known
as carbonates.
 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
CATEGORY: Carbonate Mineral
FORMULA: CaCO3
HABIT: Rhombohedral 3D
CLEAVAGE: Perfect on three
directions
FRACTURE: Conchoidal
TENACITY: Brittle
LUSTER: Vitreous to Pearly
DIAPHANEITY: Transparent to
Translucent
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 2.71
MOHS SCALE HARDNESS: 3
STREAK: White
CRYSTAL SYSTEM: Hexagonal
CRYSTAL SYSTEM
 COLOR
It could be colorless, white, grey, yellow, green, red, brown, orange or even
black for its impurities.
NATURAL OCCURRENCE
• Calcite most commonly occurs in sedimentary settings,
particularly in shallow marine settings as the shells and hard
parts of marine organisms.

• In sedimentary environments, calcite most often occurs as

limestone rock or as marble, which is metamorphosed
limestone.

• Calcite is often the only mineral present, but in some sedimentary

environments, calcite may be associated with dolomite, gypsum,
anhydrite, chert, or halite.
FORMATION PROCESS
• Calcite forms by direct precipitation from
waters rich in calcium. As concentrations
increase or the amount of water decreases
crystals of solid calcite crystals form.
Organisms make structural elements or
shells.

• It forms by precipitation from ground and

surface waters, forming the major component
of marls and limestone in the ocean, lakes
and rivers.
 CALCITE AS
PRODUCTION
Step 1: Crush the incoming minerals and transfer them to ball mills to
convert them to powder form.
Step 2: Sieve the powder form and separate it into the desired grades.
Step 3: Split the powder in 3-micron, 5-micron, 10- micron bags as
required.
 VARIOUS FORM OF CALCITE

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CALCITE AS OOLITIC CALCITE AS DOUBLE REFRACTION

LIMESTONE TRANSLUSCENT ONYX IN CALCITE
Oolitic limestone, a form of Translucent Onyx, a form of Iceland Spar, a form of
calcite is found in Tyrone, calcite is found in Tecali, transparent calcite, is found in
Pennsylvania, Mexico, approximately ten Chihuahua, Mexico. This
specimen exhibits excellent
approximately ten centimeters in size. double refraction and is
centimeters in size. approximately ten centimeters in
size.
 VARIOUS FORM OF CALCITE

125 65 203

CALCITE AS
CALCAREOUS TUFA
Calcareous Tufa, a form of
calcite is found in Mumford,
New York, approximately
ten centimeters in size.
CALCITE AS
TRAVERTINE
Travertine is a form of
calcite found in Tivoli, Italy,
which is approximately ten
centimeters in size.
PICASSO STONE
Picasso Stone, a marbled
variety with brown and
black marks, is often cut and
polished as cabochons to
produce stones in jewelry
and ornamental crafts.
VARIOUS FORM OF CALCITE

65

WHITE CALCITE AS
MARBLE
Calcite in the form of white
marble is found in Tate,
Georgia, approximately ten
centimeters in size.
 COMMON USES OF THE MINERAL

• it was used in World War 2 for gun sights, specifically in bomb sights and
anti-aircraft weaponry.
• soil remediation, soil stabilization and concrete repair.
• It used as a construction material, abrasive, agricultural soil treatment,
construction aggregate, pigment, pharmaceutical and more.

Calcite has more uses than almost any other mineral. It is used as
a construction material (in the form of limestone and marble), pigment,
agricultural soil treatment, pharmaceutical, acid neutralizer in the chemical
industry and more.
 CALCITE AS LIMESTONE AND MARBLE

• Limestone is a sedimentary rock that is primarily composed of calcite. During diagenesis, it is

formed by both the chemical precipitation of calcium carbonate and the transformation of shell,
coral, faecal, and algal debris into calcite.

• Marble is a metamorphic rock formed when limestone is heated and pressed. A close examination
of a broken piece of marble will usually reveal visible calcite cleavage faces.
CALCITE IN CONSTRUCTION

The construction industry primarily consumes calcite in

the form of limestone and marble. These rocks have been
used as dimension stones and in mortar for thousands of
years. Many of Egypt's and Latin America's pyramids
were built with limestone blocks as the primary building
material. Today, rough and polished limestone and marble
are still popular materials in high-end architecture.
 CALCITE MINERAL IN ACID
NEUTRALIZATION
• Calcite has a wide range of applications as an acid neutralizer. Limestone's and
marbles have been crushed and spread on fields as an acid-neutralizing soil
treatment for centuries. They are also heated to create lime, which has a much
faster reaction rate in the soil.

• In the chemical industry, calcite is used as an acid neutralizer. Crushed limestone

is dispensed into streams to neutralize their waters in areas where acid mine
drainage is a problem.
CALCITE
CARBONATES
SORBENTS
Sorbents are substances that can "capture"
or "retain" another substance. Limestone is
frequently treated and used as a sorbent
material in the combustion of fossil fuels.
Calcium carbonate reacts with Sulphur
dioxide and other gases released by
combustion, absorbs them, and prevents
them from escaping into the atmosphere.
MONUMENTS
AND STATUARY
Marble is a beautiful and easy-to-work-
with stone that has long been used for
monuments and sculptures. Its lack of
significant porosity allows it to withstand
freeze-thaw action outdoors, and its low
hardness makes it a simple stone to work
with. It has been used in projects ranging
from the pyramids to a figurine. It is widely
used in constructing cemetery markers,
statues, mantles, benches, stairways, and
other structures.
MANY OTHER
USES
It is used as a building material, abrasive, agricultural soil
treatment, construction aggregate, pigment,
pharmaceutical, and other applications.
 CALCITE USES IN OTHER
INDUSTRIES
Paper Industry - The calcite is used as filler and coating material in most paper-producing
industries to harden or smoothen, as necessary.This makes it a useful ingredient in newspapers,
magazines, and high-quality paper-making factories. Calcite is also used as a filling material for
cigarette paper.

Paint Industry - Calcite is used as a pigment material to prevent steel wear, increasing water and
chemical resistance.

Tyre Industry - Calcite is the main material used as filler for rubber in tyre-producing factories.
With calcite addition, the tyre is usable for a long time without loss of softness which lessens the
elongation and stretching.

Plastic Industry - Calcite is also the primary filling material in plastic factories as it helps
maintain the thickness everywhere. Also, it provides hardness and flexibility at the same time,
along with being resistant to high temperatures.
 CALCITE USES IN OTHER
INDUSTRIES
Agriculture - To obtain larger agro-products from acid-bearing soil types, it is
important to supply Ca in increased quantities.

Glass-Glass Glue - Calcite increases resistance to chemical effects in glass

which is why it is used in glassmaking. It is also used in bottles and window
glass making because it brightens the color of the glass.

Ceramic Industry - Calcite is added to the tile slurry to remove the harmful
effects of SiO2 in the medium. It also increases the strength of the ceramic
material with its usage by 2-6%. If this percentage is increased, the percentage
will change to pink or yellow speckles that will deform at high temperatures.
CALCITE USES IN OTHER INDUSTRIES
Water Treatment - Calcite is used to maintain
the hardness of the water and can control the
watercolor or its cleaning.
 CALCITE DISTRIBUTION AROUND THE
WORLD
COUNTRY AREAS
Iceland Helgustadanama mine, Reydarfjord
Alston Moor
Engremont
England Frizington, Cumbria
Weardale, Durham
Liskeard, Cornwall
St. Andreasberg
Germany Harz Mountains
Freiberg, Saxony
Namibia Tsumeb
Congo Mupine mine, Katanga Province
Herja (Kisbanya)
Romania
Baia Mare (Nagybanya) district
Russia Dalnegorsk, Promorskiy Krai
THANK
YOU