Roadways

CONTENTS

A I NT RO D UC TIO N

B I M P O RTA N C E / A DVA N TAGES

C T YPES O F ROA DS

E C H A LLE N GES
 INTRODUCTION
 The strip of land over which a road passes is Roadway

 With about 5.6 million km of road (Economic Survey 2018-19) comprising National Highways, State Highways and
other roads, India has the second largest roadway network in the world.

 "The length of roads per 100 sq. km of area is known as density of roads.

 Though in India roads are being constructed at a very fast pace but still density of roads is very low.

 Density of road is lowest in Jammu and Kashmir i.e. 10 km whereas it is highest in Kerala i.e., 375 km.
IMPORTANCE
India has one of the largest road networks in the world, aggregating to about 56 million km. The growing importance of road transport over rail
transport is mentioned below:

A
The construction cost of
roads is much lower than
that of railway lines. B
Road transport
is economical.
Roads can cover more Roads can negotiate
geographically harder Road transport higher gradients of C
slopes and can be easily
locations that cannot be provides links built-in traverse
between railway mountains such as the
done by the railways.
Himalayas.
t stations, air and It also
seaports. provides door-
to-door
t service
TYPES OF ROADS

In India, roads are classified in the following six

classes according to their capacity.
 Golden Quadrilateral
Super Highways
Golden Quadrilateral is a
network of Highways
1 connecting India’s four top
metropolitan cities, namely
Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai,
Mumbai. These highway
projects are being
implemented by the National
Highway Authority of India
(NHAI).
 National Highways
The National highways are a
network of trunk roads that
are laid and maintained by
2 the Central Public Works
Department (CPWD). The
historical Sher-Shah Suri
Marg is called National
Highway No.1, between Delhi
and Amritsar.
 State Highways
Roads linking a state capital
with different district
headquarters are known as
3 State Highways. These roads
are constructed and
maintained by the State
Public Works Department
(PWD).
 District Roads
These roads connect the
district headquarters with
4 other places of the district.
These roads are maintained
by the Zila Parishad
 Other Roads
Rural roads, which link rural
areas and villages with
towns, are classified under
5 this category. These roads
received special impetus
under the Pradhan Mantri
Grameen Sadak Yojana.
 Border Roads
Border Roads Organisation
constructs and maintains
roads in the bordering areas
of the country. This
6 organisation was established
in 1960 for the development
of the roads of strategic
importance in the northern
and north-eastern border
areas.
Roads can also be classified on the basis of the
type of material used for their construction such
as:

Metalled roads Unmetalled roads

May be made of cement,  Made up of soil. And they go

concrete or even bitumen of
coal. These are all-weather out of use in the rainy
roads. season.
METALLED Roads UNMETALLED Roads
CHALLENGES
India roadways are facing many challenges like:

The roads and national highways in

India are not enough to
accommodate the large volume of
A road traffic.
50% of the roads in India are
unmetalled and become difficult
during the monsoons.
B

Roads and bridges in most Indian

This leads to frequent traffic jams. cities are quite narrow. 
C D
MISC

Enter text here Enter text here Enter text here

THANK YOU