THE MAGELLAN

EXPEDITION
AND THE BEGINNING OF
SPANISH COLONIAL ERA
• So in Sept 20 1519 Magellan began
their voyage 
• Then after two months of difficult
voyage they reach Pernambuco in
Brazil
• Then continue their voyage in Rio De
Janeiro and reached the Rio De La
Plata in February 1520
• Then in March they reach they
reached the Port of St. Julian at
Southern America
•Then also the Mutiny occurs
when they are in St. Julian,
Magellan severely punish the
rebels. 
•Continuing Magellan voyage,
Magellan cross a Strait in
Pacific Ocean, Then they called
it The Strait of Magellan, By this
time he had only three ships left 
•With the determination of
Magellan they crossed the Pacific
Ocean and reached The Ladrones
Island, In March 1521 they rest in
the Island of Ladrones but then
they have been rob by the native
people in Ladrones, That’s why
Magellan called the island Islas De
Ladrones( Island of Thieves)
•On March 17, 1521 they sighted
a mountains in Samar, this is
the event of the first Spaniards
arrive in the Philippines 
•The next day or March 18, 1521
they land in the islet of
Homonhon, so sick men can
take care
•Then Magellan proceed to the
Islet of Limasawa where he
met Rajah Kulambu, Magellan
became friend with the rajah
and his brother Si Agu and
sealed their friendship with
Blood Compact or Sanduguan.
This is the First Blood Compact
of Spaniards and Filipino
• On March 31, they held a Mass on an
islet accompanied by Father Pedro De
Valderrama near in the seashore. This
is the first Mass in the Philippines
afterwards they planted a large cross
in the hills facing the sea 
• Then Magellan took the possession of
the island in the honor of king Charles
and called it The Archipelago of Saint
Lazarus because it is St. Lazarus day
when he found the Island  
NOV. FEB. MARCH MARCH MARCH MARCH  MARCH
20, 1519 1520 1520 1521 17, 1521 18, 1521 30,  1521
Pernamb the Rio Port of St. They saw They land in They held
uco in De La Julian at The Island of Mountain the Islet of the first
Brazil Plata  Southern Ladrones in Samar Homonhon  mass and
America  name the
island, The
Archipelago
of Saint
Lazarus 
•THE FIRST BAPTISM 
•The islet of Limasawa, don’t have enough
food so Magellan heard there is a island
not far away so they travel in the Island of
Cebu guided by Rajah Kulambu they enter
the Harbor of Cebu in April 15, 1521
•Then another Mass celebrated in Cebu,
then another Cross was planted in Cebu
then Magellan persuade the native to
become Christian 
•Some 800 natives became
Christians, Among them is Rajah
Humabon, who was given Christian
name Carlos in honor of King
Charles of Spain and his Wife who
was given the name Juana, In
honor of king Charles Mother, then
Magellan give an image of Infant
Jesus to Juana, The Infant Jesus
became the Patron of Cebu  
 THE
BATTLE OF
MACTAN
•Meanwhile there is a quarrel
between two chieftains on the
Island of Mactan, Rajah Sula asked
Magellan to help him defeat Rajah
Si Lapu-Lapu, That according to
Rajah Sula, Rajah Lapu-Lapu did
not honor the King of Spain,
•Then Magellan accepted the offer
to show his might
•He and around sixty men travel
to Mactan early in the morning
of April 28 1521 they prepare
to battle, at the battle
Magellan is wounded in the leg
so the brave people of Mactan
saw that as an opportunity
they rushed and killed
Magellan with their spears 
•Then the Spaniards fled the
battle some of them go back
to Spain but some go back to
Cebu, in Cebu, they were
eventually killed by
Cebuanos because they Rob
and Rape some natives on
the Island  
•After they fled to Cebu there are three
ships left but one is burned down
because it is useless so the remaining
ships are The Victoria and
The Trinidad, Those ships sail part
ways, The Victoria go to Africa and
The Trinidad return to Europe, The
Trinidad is captured by the Portuguese
then The Victoria successfully went
back to Spain by the help of their
commander Sebastian Del Cano
 THE IMPORTANCE OF MAGELLAN
EXPEDITION 
• They found a route how to go in the
Philippines 
• It ends the Venetian monopoly of the
routes 
• Spain became the supreme colonial
empire before Great Britain
• They proved that the Earth was round 
• Magellan expedition led to another
expedition 
 Other Expedition
• The return to Spain is make the king proud  even
though it is not totally successful 
• In 1525-1526 ,The Loaysa have his own
expedition commanded by Father Juan Garcia
Jofre De Loaysa  
• In 1526-1530, The Cabot expedition commanded
by Sebastian Cabot 
• In 1527-1528, The Sayavedra Expedition
commanded by Alvaro de Sayavedra, They able to
reach Mindanao but was not successful in
settling it 
THE TREATY OF ZARAGOZA
• There is a quarrel between Spain and
Portugal over the possession of the
Moluccas 
• They agreed to settle the ownership
on April 22, 1529 Spain and Portugal
signed the Treaty of Zaragoza, in
which Portugal won the possession of
the Moluccas after paying Spain the
sum of 350,000 gold ducats.
•In 1538-1541 King Charles
agreed with the viceroys of
Mexico and Guatemala, that
they will send an expedition
to the East, They choose
the brother-in-law of the
viceroy of Mexico, Ruy
Lopez de Villalobos
 THE
VILLALOBOS
EXPEDITION
•With six ships Ruy Lopez
Villalobos left Mexico on
November 1, 1542 then
reached Mindanao in
February 1543. The natives
of Mindanao refuse to have
any dealing with Spaniards
•They faced starvation and the plan of
planting corn failed then Villalobos
ask Bernardo De La Torre to go in
Tanday( now Samar) to get some food,
then he met the chieftain of the
island, Makandala who gave him
enough food. Villalobos pleasured so
he named the two Islands of Samar
and Leyte Felipinas for the honor of
Prince Philip later became King Philip 
•Leaving the Philippines
they continued their voyage
in the Moluccas but they
were captured by the
Portuguese, later they were
set free, Villalobos tried to
sail in Mexico but died in
Amboina in 1546
•Many years pass, in 1556, 
King Philip want another
expedition in the East but he
do not want his soldier to enter
the Portugal territory. The
purpose is to find a new route
and have a survey about the
trading of spices and make a
report on it 
THE LEGAZPI
EXPEDITION
•The king choose Father
Andres De Urdaneta and
Miguel Lopez De Legazpi,
with four ships and about
380 men, on the way in
voyage one ship  was
lost 
•In November 21, 1564, they
began their voyage, the lost
ships were found then ordered
to head back. then in February
1565 they reach Cebu then
later in Cibabao (Leyte) then
Samar here he conducted a
blood compact with the Datu of
Limasawa who’s Datu Bankaw. 
•Then in March 1565 they
sailed in Camiguin island
then to Butuan, then to
Bohol where he have blood
compact again with Datu Si
Katuna and Si Gala,
scarcity of food they go
back to Cebu 
 THE
DISCOVERY OF
A NEW ROUTE
• Legazpi ordered the ship San Pedro to
go back to Mexico, piloted by Father
Urdaneta and by Legazpi’s grandson,
Felipe de Salcedo they sail on June 1,
1565, Urdaneta sailed northeastward
from the Philippines then they ended
in Santa Catalina in California. After
that, they sail again and then reach
Mexico on October 1, Later on, the
route that Father Urdaneta follows
was used by Manila galleons 
 FIRST
SETTLEMENT
IN CEBU
•Legazpi and his men stay in
Cebu on April 27. but the
Cebuanos maltreated them
because of the past, Legazpi
tried to explain that the white
men who maltreated the
Filipinos are the Portuguese
and also told them he want to
be friended with the Filipinos. 
•But the Chieftain Tupas of Cebu
does not believe him but they fled
to the mountain after they burn
the houses in the City of Cebu.
•Even though Legazpi and his men
are maltreated, Legazpi tried to
pursue Tupas to come down from
the mountain and promised not to
harm them 
Tupas was convinced that
Legazpi is sincere, So Tupas
and his men return to the
lowland and entered an
agreement with Legazpi with
the help of Tupas brother Si
Makayo at Si Katapan.
 THE
AGREEMENT
1.
The Filipinos promised to be loyal to Spain
2.
The Filipinos promised to help Spain in
any battle in return Spaniards promised to
protect Filipinos from all enemies 
3.
Filipinos who are committed crimes
against Spaniards should turn over to
Spain and vice versa
4.
Goods to be sold in either Spaniards or
Filipinos should be moderately price 
5.
An armed Filipino not allowed to enter
Spaniard camp vise versa
Then a land donated by Tupas
became the Spanish Settlement, A
fort was constructed and called it
Fort San Pedro then they called
their settlement San Miguel but
Legazpi renamed it because he
remembered the unharmed image
of Infant Jesus and named it “City
of the Most Holy Name of Jesus”
 THE
SETTLEMENT
IN PANAY
After Legazpi faced many problems in
Cebu they tried to sail again they land on
the Coast of the Panay River in 1569 and
there they founded the second settlement
of Spaniards, he win the Panay by
convincing them of peaceful intention.
The Spaniards convert the natives to
Christianity. The friendliness of Filipino
was shown when they brought food to the
hungry Spaniards.
With Panay as the
Spaniards’ home base,
they decided to spread
their rule to other islands
like Visayas, Masbate,
Burias and Ticao
At the same time, Legazpi’s youngest
grandson Juan De Salcedo have his
voyage going back in the Philippines,
going to the Philippines they found an
island and claim it naming it Talim
Island then they continue their voyage
until they reached Lubang Island near
Mindoro and fought Filipino failed to
acknowledge them
• He decided to go to Panay but
he encounter the outer rim of
Manila he saw how prosperous
Manila so he reported it to his
Grandfather Legazpi,
• Legazpi was happy hearing the
news of Salcedo so he sent a
voyage to Manila
• The Spanish Forces in Expedition is divided
into two, First the Martin De Goiti and
Second is The Salcedo
• Before they reach Manila they stop in
Batangas and explored it, Salcedo explored
the Bonbon river (Taal) and Goiti explored
Balayan, Then Salcedo encounters armed
Filipinos the Filipinos wounded Salcedo but
the superior firearm won in the end then
rejoined with the group and continue their
voyage
Then they reach Manila at that time Manila
is ruled by Rajah Sulayman, Goiti
demanded to honor them but Sulayman
refuse. On May 24 Goiti fired a cannon to
call the errand boat but Sulayman thought
it is a sign for a WAR so they also fire their
Cannons called “Lantaka” they exchange
shooting and in the end Spaniards win
because of the superior firepower, Goiti
return in Panay to report what happened
 THE
FOUNDING
OF MANILA
• Legazpi heard the news,
Legazpi was appointed as
Captain general by the king of
Spain so therefor he was the
first Governor-General in the
Philippines
• Scarcity in Panay led to
settling in Luzon on April 20
In Manila, Rajah Sulayman gathered
his forces in different barangays
like Pampanga and Bulacan and
fought a war they called it Battle of
Bangkusay in Tondo, Manila,
Filipinos are defeated and what
happen to Sulayman is not clear,
Some say he died in battle some
say he fled
So Legazpi took over in Manila 1571,
they rebuild Manila build new houses
and churches, and also constructed a
big house for Governor Officials, On
June 24, 1571, Legazpi made Manila,
The Capital of the Philippines, and
King Philip called Manila a
Distinguished and Ever Loyal City on
the same day Legazpi appointed the
officials
• It composes of : 2 Alkalde, a
Mayor, 12 Regidores, and one
Escribano or court clerk
• This is the start of the
Spanish colonial era in the
Philippines
• Miguel Lopez De Legazpi died
on August 20, 1572