THE INTERSTATE

SYSTEM
AND
INTERNATIONALISM
•Interstate means to say
by connecting or relating
to different states
•the first interstate
system is the treaty of
Westphalia
 Treaty
Of
Westphalia
•The origins of the
present-day concept of
sovereignty is can be
traced back to the
Treaty of Westphalia
• It is a set of agreements signed in 1648 to end
the Thirty Years ‘War between the major
continental powers of Europe. After a brutal
religious war between Catholics and
Protestants, the Holy Roman Empire, Spain,
France, Sweden, and the Dutch Republic
designed a system that would avert wars in
the future by recognizing that the treaty
signers exercise complete control over their
domestic affairs and swear not to meddle in
each other's affairs. And that system is the
Treaty of Westphalia
 FIRST MAJOR
CHALLENGE
IN THE TREATY
OF WESTPHALIA
• The Westphalian system provided
stability for the nations of Europe
until it faced its first major challenge
by Napoleon Bonaparte. Bonaparte
believed in spreading the principles of
the French Revolution-liberty,
equality, and fraternity-to the rest of
Europe and thus challenged the
power of kings, nobility, and religion
in Europe.
 THE
NAPOLEONIC
WAR
• The Napoleonic war lasted from
1803-1815, Napoleon and his army
marching in Europe, with Napoleon
and his armies marched all over
much of Europe, in every country
they conquered, the French
implemented the Napoleonic Code
NAPOLEONIC
CODE
•Napoleonic Code that
forbade birth privileges,
encouraged freedom of
religion, and promoted
meritocracy in
government service.
• Meritocracy: the government
or the holding of power by
people selected on the basis
of their ability. It is a kind of
democracy but they can only
choose the people who have
the ability to rule
• This system shocked the
monarchies and the hereditary
elites (dukes, duchesses,
etc.)Of Europe, and they
mustered their armies to push
back against the French
emperor.
The End of Napoleon’s war:
Anglo and Prussian armies
finally defeated Napoleon in
the Battle of Waterloo in
1815, ending the latter's
mission to spread his liberal
code across Europe.
•To prevent another war
and to keep their
systems of privilege, the
royal powers created a
new system that, in
effect, restored the
Westphalian system.
 THE
CONCERT
OF EUROPE
• The Concert of Europe it was
an alliance of "great powers"--
the United Kingdom, Austria,
Russia, and Prussia--that
sought to restore the world of
monarchical, hereditary, and
their own religious belief.
•Of the time before the
French Revolution and the
Napoleonic Wars. More
importantly, it was an
alliance that sought to
restore the sovereignty of
states.
 The
Metternich
System
•Under this is the Metternich
system (named after the
Austrian diplomat, Klemens
von Metternich, who was
the leader of the meetings.
• The Metternich System was a
series of meetings among the
more powerful European nations
between the Napoleonic War and
World War I; its objective was to
resolve disputes between
European nations.
• The concert and the authority
lasted from 1815 to 1914
Despite the challenge of
Napoleon to the Westphalian
system and the eventual
collapse of the Concert of
Europe after World War I, the
present-day international
system still has traces of this
history.
• Until now, states are considered
sovereign, and Napoleonic attempts to
violently impose systems of government
in other countries are frowned upon it but
some might be enlightened. Moreover,
like the Concert system, great powers
“still hold significant influence over world
politics. For example, the United Kingdom
still practices the monarchial system, the
privileged of the royal powers
INTERNATIONALISM
• The system desire to go beyond
the Westphalian system, Concert
of Europe, and Metternich system
and they want to heighten the
interaction and cooperation of
different states and also a unity of
peoples, they called that desire or
system, The internationalism
• Internationalism is a political principle
that advocates greater political or
economic cooperation among states and
nations. It is associated with other
political movements and ideologies, but
can also reflect a doctrine, belief system,
or movement in itself.
• Internationalism may come in different
form but its two major forms is
• LIBERAL INTERNATIONALISM
• SOCIALIST INTERNATIONALISM
 THE PROPONENT
WHO HAS AN
IMPACT ON
INTERNATIONALISM
IMMANUEL
KANT
• The first major thinker of liberal
internationalism was the late 18 - th

century German philosopher

Immanuel Kant.
• Kant likened states in a global system
to people living in a given territory. If
people living together require a
government to prevent lawlessness,
shouldn't that same principle need to
be applied?
• Without a form of world government,
he argued, the international, system
would be chaotic. Therefore, states,
like citizens of countries, must give
up some freedoms and "establish a
continuously growing state consisting
of various nations which will
ultimately include the nations of the
world. "In short, Kant imagined a
form of global government.
 JEREMY
BENTHAM
• In the late 18th century
British philosopher JEREMY
BENTHAM (who coined the
word “the international” in
1780) he wants to build an
INTERNATIONAL LAW that
will follow the states in our
world.
• To many, these proposals for
global government and
international law seemed to
represent challenges to states.
Would not a world government, in
effect, become supreme? And
would not its laws overwhelm the
sovereignty of individual states?
GIUSEPPE
MAZZINI
• In 19th century Italian Patriot
GIUSEPPE MAZZINI , first thinker
to reconcile nationalism with
liberal nationalism, he Propose
the Republican government and
Free Nation that cooperate with
each other and create an
international system.
• He is a major critic of the Metternich
system. He believed in a Republican
government (without kings, queens,
and hereditary succession) and
proposed a system of free nations
that cooperated with each other to
create an international system. For
Mazzini, free, independent states
would be the basis of an equally free,
cooperative international system.
• He argued that if the various
Italian mini-states could unify, one
could scale up the system to
create, for example, a United
States of Europe. Mazzini was a
nationalist internationalist, who
believes that free, unified nation-
states should be the basis of
global cooperation.
WOODROW
WILSON
Mazzini’s work influenced the
president of the United States (1913-
1921) Woodrow Wilson, Who became
one of the 20th century’s most
prominent internationalists. He
believes the internationalism
prerequisite is nationalism, he
introduces the word Self-
determination, and he hopes that free
nations become democracies.
he also advocates the creation
of the League of Nations, he
pushed the League of Nations
after the world war 1, and he
was awarded by Nobel Peace
Prize in 1919 but unfortunately,
the League cannot hold another
war
• The League of Nations, abbreviated as
LON, was the first worldwide
intergovernmental organization whose
principal mission was to maintain world
peace. It was founded on 10 January
1920 following the Paris Peace
Conference that ended the First World
War, and ceased operations on 20 April
1946
• The league did not succeed and cannot
prevent world war II
• Even though the League of
Nations did not succeed it gave
birth to a new international
organization that until now is still
functioning,
• It is the World Health
Organization (WHO) and the
International Labour
Organization (ILO)
• The International Labour Organization
is a United Nations agency whose
mandate is to advance social justice
and promote decent work by setting
international labour standards.
• The World Health Organization is a
specialized agency of the United
Nations that is concerned with
international public health.
The League was the concretization of the
·

concepts of liberal internationalism. From

Kant and Bentham, it emphasized the need
to form common international principles.
From Mazzini, it enshrined the principles of
cooperation and respect among nation-
states. From Wilson, it called for
democracy and self-determination. These
ideas would re-assert themselves in the
creation of the United Nations in 1946.