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  • Q4 Week 3 Menstrual Cycle Stem1

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    Arcyn Curameng
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    The menstrual cycle involves the monthly ripening and release of a mature egg. It is regulated by hormones from the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries. There are three stages: proliferative, secretory, and ischemic. In the proliferative stage, estrogen thickens the uterine lining. In the secretory stage, progesterone causes changes to the lining to prepare for potential implantation. If implantation does not occur, estrogen and progesterone levels drop in the ischemic stage, causing the lining to break down and be shed during menstruation.

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    Q4-WEEK-3-MENSTRUAL-CYCLE-STEM1

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    The menstrual cycle involves the monthly ripening and release of a mature egg. It is regulated by hormones from the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries. There are three stages: proliferative, secretory, and ischemic. In the proliferative stage, estrogen thickens the uterine lining. In the secretory stage, progesterone causes changes to the lining to prepare for potential implantation. If implantation does not occur, estrogen and progesterone levels drop in the ischemic stage, causing the lining to break down and be shed during menstruation.

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    4 views20 pages

    Q4 Week 3 Menstrual Cycle Stem1

    Uploaded by

    Arcyn Curameng
    The menstrual cycle involves the monthly ripening and release of a mature egg. It is regulated by hormones from the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries. There are three stages: proliferative, secretory, and ischemic. In the proliferative stage, estrogen thickens the uterine lining. In the secretory stage, progesterone causes changes to the lining to prepare for potential implantation. If implantation does not occur, estrogen and progesterone levels drop in the ischemic stage, causing the lining to break down and be shed during menstruation.

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    of 20

    THE

    MENSTRUAL
    CYCLE
    IRENE C. LABOG, RN, LPT
    Teacher in Biological Science
    THE
    MENSTRUAL
    CYCLE
    OBJECTIVE:

    1. Identify hormones that


    triggers menstruation.

    2. Describe what happens in


    each stage of menstrual cycle.
    WHAT IS THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE?
     Theprocess in which females ripen or release
    one mature egg.
    PHYSIOLOGY OF MENSTRUATION
    THE OVARIES...

     1. Hypothalamus releases GnRH

     2. Release of GnRH triggers APG to


    release FSH and LH
     FSH- responsible for the maturation
    of ovum and follicle formation.
     Causes an increase in estrogen

     LH – triggers ovulation and growth


    of uterine lining
     Upsurge in LH causes the release
    of prostaglandin
     Increase in LH causes production
    of Lutein (bright yellow fluid, HIGH
    IN PROGESTERONE) that will fill
    the empty pit
     Follicle becomes “CORPUS
    LUTEUM”
     if fertilization occurs, ovum
    implants at the uterus, corpus
    luteum stays inside the ovaries
    until 16-20 weeks; trophoblast
    begin secreting HCG
     without fertilization, ovum
    atrophies after 4-5 days, CL
    remains for only 8-10 days.
     CL replaced by white

    fibrous tissue, CL becomes


    “CORPUS ALBICANS”
    PHYSIOLOGY OF MENSTRUATION
    THE UTERUS...
    1st PHASE: PROLIFERATIVE

     High levels of estrogen causes


    thickening and proliferation of
    endometrium

     LH is increased, Estrogen is
    increased
    2nd PHASE: SECRETORY

    Increased levels of progesterone


    causes glands at endometrium to
    become cork screw like or twisted in
    appearance and dilated with
    quantities of glycogen and mucin

     Increased in capillaries making


    endometrium appear like a
    rich spongy velvet

     Increased Progesterone
    3RD PHASE: ISCHEMIC

     Decreased estrogen and


    progesterone levels causes
    the degeneration of the
    endometrium

     Capillaries
    rupture,
    endometrium sloughs off
    PHYSIOLOGY OF MENSTRUATION
    THE CERVIX...
    1st half of the cycle
     Hormones decreased
     Mucus thick and scanty
     Poor sperm survival

    Ovulation
     Estrogen is increased
     Cervical mucus thin and copious
     Excellent sperm survival

    2nd half
     Decreased progesterone level
     Mucus is thick
     Poor sperm survival

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